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Strides in Development of Medical Education Journal
  • Address: SDME journal Office, Education Development Center, Vice-Chancellor for Education, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Medical University Campus, Haft-Bagh Highway, Kerman, Iran
    Postal Code: 7616913555
  • 0098-3431325332
  • The Strides in Development of Medical Education Journal (SDME) is an online continuous peer-reviewed journal publishe... moreedit
  • Kerman University of Medical Sciencesedit
Background & Objective: Having employees with appropriate environmental behaviors and paying attention to their environmental knowledge and training is an important issue especially for industrial companies However the lack of... more
Background & Objective: Having employees with appropriate environmental behaviors and paying attention to their environmental knowledge and training is an important issue especially for industrial companies However the lack of prioritization of this important issue is one of the effective factors in the declining trend of‏ environmental performance improvement of industrial companies Therefore the main purpose of the present study was to evaluate the environmental knowledge of physicians and nurses working at ParseJonoubi Company Iran and propose appropriate methods for their environmental training Methods: This research was a descriptive survey The statistical population included all physicians and nurses working at ParseJonoubi Company from among which 135 individuals were selected through random stratified sampling method and based on the Morgan Table The data collection tool was a researchermade environmental knowledge questionnaire based on the view of Frick et al Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics t independent t Friedman and chisquare tests Results: The knowledge of physicians and nurses in their own view regarding environmental systems was near average (31 and 33 respectively) Physicians and nurses knowledge on environmental action was near average (32) and below average (26) respectively Their knowledge of effectiveness was higher than average (physicians: 38 nurses: 43) Generally physicians estimated their environmental knowledge as slightly higher than average (36) and nurses as nearly average (32) Moreover there was a significant difference between the‏‏ average of the three aforementioned dimensions of their environmental knowledge and the criterion average In addition there was a significant difference between the average of the three dimensions of environmental knowledge of physicians and nurses They also ranked environmental training methods differently Descriptive statistics and chisquared test showed that 76 subjects (61%) preferred the compulsive environmental training method and 48 subjects (39%) preferred the optional method Conclusion: The results of this research indicated that physicians and nurses working at ParseJonoubi Company felt the need for obtaining generally more environmental knowledge and specifically more actionrelated knowledge Thus it is suggested that the necessary requirements be provided for the environmental training of physicians and nurses working at this company according to each groups preferred training method
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Background & Objective: The educational environment has a fundamental role in the quality and efficiency of education The present study was undertaken to identify the perceptions of students on the educational environment in 4 major... more
Background & Objective: The educational environment has a fundamental role in the quality and efficiency of education The present study was undertaken to identify the perceptions of students on the educational environment in 4 major clinical wards at teaching hospitals affiliated to Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2014 Methods: In this descriptive crosssectional study educational environment was evaluated using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) Sampling was conducted through census and the study population included all medical students (n = 184) passing their clinical courses in the internal pediatrics surgical obstetrics and gynecology wards in 3 hospitals affiliated to Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukeys tests Results: The mean score achieved from the total 200 scores of the questionnaire was 10483 (524%) Although there was no significant difference between total scores of major clinical wards the pediatrics and obstetrics and gynecology wards obtained the highest lowest scores respectively No significant correlation was found between education and gender and the subscales of educational environment A significant difference was observed between major clinical wards in the subscale of teachers (P < 0001) Conclusion: The educational environment at clinical wards was considered as good by students Nevertheless problematic areas exist in all subscales of educational environment The obtained results can be utilized to better understand and resolve educational environment issues in Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences
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Background & Objective: The quantitative development of higher education regardless of quality will lead to undesirable consequences The main clients of universities are students Determination of their perception of educational services... more
Background & Objective: The quantitative development of higher education regardless of quality will lead to undesirable consequences The main clients of universities are students Determination of their perception of educational services quality can provide policy maker with valuable information in order to improve educational services quality This study was conducted in order to investigate educational services quality based on the SERVQUAL model from the perspective of students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: The statistical population of this study included 3084 students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences In order to perform this descriptivecorrelational study 200 students were randomly selected For data collection the SERVQUAL questionnaire was used This questionnaire consists of five dimensions (tangibility reliability empathy responsiveness and assurance) of educational services quality with 27 questions The validity of the questionnaire was approved through content validity methods and its reliability using Cronbachs alpha coefficient The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and one sample ttest Results: The study results indicated students positive evaluation of tangibility responsiveness reliability and empathy dimensions of educational services quality Conclusion: The results showed that in general in all dimensions of educational services quality of service was higher than average The lowest and highest means were observed in the responsiveness and reliability dimensions respectively
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Background & Objective: Rational prescription of medicine by physicians is one of the most important factors in the correct and complete treatment of patients The aim of this study was to evaluate prescription writing patterns of... more
Background & Objective: Rational prescription of medicine by physicians is one of the most important factors in the correct and complete treatment of patients The aim of this study was to evaluate prescription writing patterns of graduating interns for common illnesses in Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2013 Methods: In this descriptive crosssectional study the prescription writing pattern of 50 interns of Kerman University of Medical Sciences were evaluated A written exam assessing prescription writing on 30 common clinical cases was held Data were analyzed using SPSS software Results: The average number of items per each prescription was 207 The frequency of medicines prescribed by their generic name and from the World Health Organization (WHO) list of essential medicines was 968% and 971% respectively Drug interaction was observed in 56% of prescriptions The frequency of prescriptions containing antibiotics injectable medicines and corticosteroids was 472% 93% and 65% respectively The most common groups prescribed were antibiotics and analgesics Conclusion: Based on the WHO recommended standards the prescription of antibiotics by interns of Kerman University of Medical Sciences was irrational and inappropriate Therefore educational interventions are necessary to improve prescription writing patterns among interns
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Background & Objective: Foreign students encounter educational problems which make studying in the host country difficult Given the importance of the educational problems of foreign students and identifying the factors which alleviate... more
Background & Objective: Foreign students encounter educational problems which make studying in the host country difficult Given the importance of the educational problems of foreign students and identifying the factors which alleviate these problems this study examined the educational problems of international students of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This was a quantitativequalitative study with a descriptiveanalytical design In the qualitative section interviews were conducted with 14 foreign students and in the quantitative section 56 students were selected through random sampling proportional to sample size Semistructured interviews and a researchermade questionnaire were used to collect information Data analysis was conducted using categorization methods descriptive statistics univariate ttest ANOVA post hoc test and multiple regression in SPSS software Results: In the qualitative section the foreign students educational problems included weakness in understanding Persian different educational system the professors inappropriate teaching method and dissatisfaction with textbooks In the quantitative section the educational problems were not significant at a 005 level Moreover the students problems in terms of culture and the length of stay in Iran showed significant differences Conclusion: The results of predictor factors of educational problems revealed that cultural dissimilarity and short presence in Iran are the main predictor factors Therefore in order to motivate learning in foreign students and thereby decrease their educational problems it is necessary to familiarize them with Iranian customs and hold classes to introduce them to the Iranian educational system
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Background & Objective: Despite the importance of local educational standards for the correct implementation and evaluation of higher education programs studies show such standards do not exist for the masters degree in neonatal intensive... more
Background & Objective: Despite the importance of local educational standards for the correct implementation and evaluation of higher education programs studies show such standards do not exist for the masters degree in neonatal intensive care nursing Therefore the purpose of the present study was to develop basic educational standards for program evaluation and accreditation of the master of sciences course in neonatal intensive care nursing Methods: This study was a descriptive survey conducted using the Delphi survey method in 2014 A total of 20 experts including infants and medical education specialists administrators of the department of education faculty members of the department of pediatrics nursing administrators of neonatal intensive care units and students and graduates of the neonatal intensive care nursing course were selected through purposive sampling First items related to basic educational standards were extracted through an extensive review of databases Subsequently 3 sessions in 2 rounds were held with the experts and basic educational standards for the evaluation of the master of sciences course in neonatal intensive care nursing were developed on the basis of consensus Results: This study led to the proposal of 20 items as basic educational standards for the evaluation of the master of sciences course in neonatal intensive care nursing In the first round 25 items of the total 41 items were agreed upon by experts Statistical results showed the content validity index in clear expression importance and availability in the second round was 094 092 087 respectively Conclusion: Considering that the checklist of basic educational standards was developed by experts it is hoped it will gain high acceptability and be an efficient model for the evaluation of the masters program in neonatal intensive care nursing
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Background & Objective: In recent decades medical education has been expanding as part of the higher education system in the world Due to the complexities of clinical education the effect of various environmental factors on and changes in... more
Background & Objective: In recent decades medical education has been expanding as part of the higher education system in the world Due to the complexities of clinical education the effect of various environmental factors on and changes in clinical environment the importance of accountability to society and patients and socially accountable medical education (SAME) challenges the exploration of faculty members perceptions about SAME challenges is necessary Thus the aim of this study was to explore faculty members perceptions on the challenges of SAME Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using qualitative content analysis in Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2014 Knowledge obtained through qualitative content analysis is based on the unique views of the participants and actual data of the text The participants were 8 faculty members who provided the most data on the fundamental factors effective on SAME (purposive sampling) Semistructured interviews were conducted with the participants and they were asked to describe their experiences of and views on SAME Data collection was continued until achieving data saturation Data collection and analysis were carried out simultaneously through consideration of trustworthiness Results: The main themes extracted in this study were defective education which is not communitybased lack of adequate commitment of teachers as role models lack of motivation in students and management problems and lack of resources Conclusion: The results of the present study illustrate the necessity for fundamental and comprehensive modification of training programs and improvement of their processes so that they can accommodate the communitys requirements Moreover there is need for strategies to increase motivation among teachers and students
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درک تجارب و دیدگاه های دانشجو منجر به افزایش کیفیت برنامه های آموزش پرستاری می شود ضمن اینکه این محقق نمی شود مگر آنکه نگرش ها و ویژگیهای فردی نیز درک شود جهت گردآوری این اطلاعات می توان از پرسشنامه یا مصاحبه و بحث گروهی استفاده کرد Q... more
درک تجارب و دیدگاه های دانشجو منجر به افزایش کیفیت برنامه های آموزش پرستاری می شود ضمن اینکه این محقق نمی شود مگر آنکه نگرش ها و ویژگیهای فردی نیز درک شود جهت گردآوری این اطلاعات می توان از پرسشنامه یا مصاحبه و بحث گروهی استفاده کرد Q متدولوژی به عنوان پایه و اساس یک مطالعه سیستماتیک از ذهنیت، دیدگاه، افکار، باورها، نگرش فرد و مانند آن است در این روش پاسخ دهندگان دیدگاه های خود را ارائه می کنند و دخالت محقق در حداقل می باشد روش Q را، پیوند بین روش های کیفی و کمی می دانند انتخاب مشارکت کنندگان از طریق روش های نمونه گیری احتمالی صورت نمی گیرد، بلکه نمونه افراد بطور هدفمند و با اندازه های کوچک انتخاب می شود که آن را به روش کیفی نزدیک می سازد و از سوی دیگر، یافته ها از طریق تحلیل عاملی و به صورت کاملا کمی به دست می آیند در روش Q، به جای متغییرها، افراد تحلیل می شوند این مقاله با هدف بررسی محتوای Q، روش و کاربرد آن به عنوان یک روش پژوهش در زمینه آموزش پرستاری می باشد
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Background & Objective: One of the main goals of higher education is evaluating teachers educational performance to improve teaching The results may be used to increase the teachers job performance and to promote teaching and learning... more
Background & Objective: One of the main goals of higher education is evaluating teachers educational performance to improve teaching The results may be used to increase the teachers job performance and to promote teaching and learning processes In this regard students evaluation of their teachers is one of the most common evaluation methods in universities and educational centers Thus this study aimed to compare the faculty members and students viewpoints about the factors influencing evaluation of teachers by students Methods: In this crosssectional descriptive study 93 teachers and 93 students selected via stratified random sampling method were enrolled The data collection tool was a researchermade questionnaire containing 3 dimensions moral and behavioral (8 items) educational (10 items) and compliance with training rules (8 items); the face and content validities were confirmed by academic specialists and its reliability was confirmed Data analysis was carried out using SPSS20 statistical software and with help of descriptive statistics and independentt test Results: From the teachers viewpoint the overall mean score of the moral and behavioral educational and compliance with training rules factors were 345 (± 052) 432 (± 084) and 459 (± 058) respectively From the students viewpoints these values were 325 (± 047) 404 (±078) and 436 (± 071) respectively Independentt test showed that with the assumption of equality of variances there were not any significant differences between the characteristics Conclusion: Efforts for improving teacher evaluation in universities with the assistance of authorities and experts and on the one hand using the results in curriculum content of inservice teachers can help much to improve teaching quality
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Background & Objective: Nursing staff can prevent asphyxia and neonatal mortality by learning the correct resuscitation principles Therefore this study was performed with the aim to determine the effectiveness of teaching through... more
Background & Objective: Nursing staff can prevent asphyxia and neonatal mortality by learning the correct resuscitation principles Therefore this study was performed with the aim to determine the effectiveness of teaching through simulation and filming of the performance of nurses in neonatal resuscitation Methods: In this experimental study 40 nursing staff were divided into teams of 2 nurses through simple randomization The level of knowledge before and after the intervention was evaluated using a written exam To assess performance before and after the intervention simulated environment and scenario building were used All stages of resuscitation of the teams were filmed Before training the experimental group participants viewed their videos and were trained through error analysis practicing on manikin and viewing educational videos of resuscitation (2011) The videos were evaluated and scored by two instructors through doubleblind techniques and using a standard checklist Data were analyzed in SPSS software using independent sample ttest paired ttest repeated measurement and Pearson correlation coefficient Results: The level of knowledge in the control and experimental groups increased by 9 and 10 scores respectively This difference was not statistically significant (P = 0830) Before the training no statistically significant difference was observed in terms of performance (P = 0109) However one month after training a significant difference was observed between the two groups in terms of performance (P < 0001) This reflects the effect of training on performance of the experimental group Conclusion: The results showed that the simultaneous use of simulation and filming for training will be more effective in the learning process Thus it is better that both techniques be used for training to be more effective
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Background & Objective: Pharmacology education for nursing students aims to teach them how to acquire the necessary skills in the field of patients pharmaceutical cares; the acquisition of these skills is one of the necessary... more
Background & Objective: Pharmacology education for nursing students aims to teach them how to acquire the necessary skills in the field of patients pharmaceutical cares; the acquisition of these skills is one of the necessary qualifications in nursing profession This study aimed to determine the factors affecting learning and development of clinical skills in pharmacology course from the viewpoint of nursing students Methods: In this descriptive study 200 nursing students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran selected through convenient sampling in 2014 were enrolled Data were gathered through a researchermade questionnaire consisted of six categories including instructors clinical competence instructors educational competence instructors interpersonal communication clinical learning environment curriculum planning and student factors The collected data were analyzed through descriptive and analytical statistics (MannWhitney and KruskalWallis tests) Results: Instructors clinical competence (232 ± 033) and clinical learning environment (213 ± 039) had the most and the least effects on learning and development of clinical skills in pharmacology course from the students viewpoints respectively Conclusion: Paying attention to and strengthening the instructors qualifications recruiting efficient teachers and creating appropriate clinical environment can have important role in learning medical care On the other hand considering the motivational factors affecting students success in acquiring knowledge and experience and their appreciation of the importance and necessity of proper medication and providing strategies to increase students clinical learning can facilitate and strengthen learning process of pharmaceutical care
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Background & Objective: Knowledge about the nature and types of learners learning styles can help teachers to adjust their teaching methods with students learning styles to achieve the desired educational outcomes This study aimed to... more
Background & Objective: Knowledge about the nature and types of learners learning styles can help teachers to adjust their teaching methods with students learning styles to achieve the desired educational outcomes This study aimed to investigate the relationship of students learning styles (based on Kolb learning Styles) and adaptive teaching method Methods: In this descriptivecorrelation study 250 students in ElmiKarbordi higher education ‎center at Zahedan JahadeDaneshgahi Iran were selected via simple random sampling model For collecting the data the learning styles of Kolb and adaptive teaching method questionnaires were used The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and regression analysis tests Results: The amounts of correlation coefficient of assimilating divergent accommodating convergent learning styles and adaptive teaching method were 0810 0765 0795 and 0809 respectively (P < 0001) In addition based on the regression analysis of learning styles convergent (β = 0491) and divergent (β = 0300) methods had the greatest impacts on adaptive teaching method respectively (P < 0001) Conclusion: Given the positive and meaningful correlation between the learning styles with adaptive teaching method teachers of educational centers are suggested to use adaptive teaching method based on learningbased activities assessment of learners needs engaging students in the teaching process and flexibility for personal development
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Background & Objective: Efficient emergency call answering services are vital for the medical emergency services all around the world The provision of emergency services is based on ordering and prioritizing received calls In addition... more
Background & Objective: Efficient emergency call answering services are vital for the medical emergency services all around the world The provision of emergency services is based on ordering and prioritizing received calls In addition educating this kind of services has a prominent role in answer time and quality The aim of this study was to describe the experience of telephone triage nurses in 115 Emergency Call Center of the Emergency Medical Services and Disaster Management Center at Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This study was conducted in form of phenomenological qualitative study The sample was selected based on purposive sampling method including 5 nurses in emergency medical services at Kerman University of Medical Sciences with at least 5 years of experience in the 115 Emergency Call Center Data were collected using deep unstructured individual interviews The average time of each interview was 63 minutes and an electronic recorder was used to record the interviews The data were analyzed using Colaizzi method The collected data were reconsidered by the researcher in order to confirm their reliability Results: From the interviews 737 summarized concepts were extracted and formed 9 thematic categorizations Finally the 3 themes of “performing cultural and societal roles” “performing professional and organizational roles” and “performing personal roles” were obtained Experiences of nurses were stated in the form of a compact and continuum set between strengths opportunities weaknesses and threats Conclusion: The findings of the study can be summarized in two fundamental points First evaluation skills which are used in facetoface consultation cannot be transferred directly by telephone This shows that specific training on telephone consultation treatment evaluation and decisionmaking skills should be provided for triage nurses who work at such centers Second a greater degree of job satisfaction can be achieved among the emerging class of telephone triage nurses through allowing independent decisionmaking and decreasing decisionmaking errors by consistent telephone triage instructions and creating suitable educational methods in order to control experienced stresses These are points that must be considered by the Medical Emergency and Disaster Management Centre to promote occupational knowledge of nurses in 115 Emergency Call Center
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Background & Objective: Medical education complexity gets worsen when confronting with a lot of information to be memorized and needs to have new techniques for learning and remembering Mnemonic instruction is a way to help students to... more
Background & Objective: Medical education complexity gets worsen when confronting with a lot of information to be memorized and needs to have new techniques for learning and remembering Mnemonic instruction is a way to help students to remember the information or vocabulary more effectively and easily This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of mnemonic instruction among interns in the management of patients with poisoning Methods: A quasiexperimental study performed during 24 months among 120 emergency medicine interns in Rasool Akram Hospital Tehran Iran We evaluated the knowledge of two groups of interns (n = 60) about management of patients with poisoning two times with a selfadministered questionnaire (Cronbachs alpha = 078) At baseline all the participants were filled the questionnaire as their baseline knowledge of poisoning management; then both groups participated in a standard education course for poisoning management In addition we conducted an additional physical class for case group and taught them about the mnemonics instruction in poisoning At the end of ward rotation all participants answered the same questionnaire and the scores were compared between the groups for each time and within the groups for each test Results: Mean scores were statistically different between the two times of testing in each group (P < 0001) In case group the difference between pre and posttest was (453 ± 395) statistically less than the control group (673 ± 326) (P < 0002) Conclusion: Using mnemonics was not effective enough to help interns to remember about management of poisonings better than usual educational activities
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Background & Objective: Procrastination is one of the effective factors that reduce students academic performance The rate of procrastination and helpseeking styles may be different in male and female students and this can affect their... more
Background & Objective: Procrastination is one of the effective factors that reduce students academic performance The rate of procrastination and helpseeking styles may be different in male and female students and this can affect their academic performance So this research aimed to determine the differences among male and female students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran in academic procrastination and academic helpseeking styles Methods: In this descriptive study research participants included 392 students (234 female and 158 male) of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in the academic year of 201415 who were selected using stratified random sampling method Procrastination Assessment Scale and academic helpseeking styles questionnaire were performed by the participants Validity and reliability of questionnaires were approved The gathered data were analyzed via SPSS software using MANOVA test Results: There were significant differences among the male and female students regarding procrastination and academic helpseeking style components The mean scores of readiness for the exams and providing the midterm report components (1448) was higher in female students In addition female university students used autonomous helpseeking style (1629) while male university students used avoidant helpseeking style (920) Conclusion: Totally higher or lower scores in students procrastination and academic helpseeking style components depends on factors such as parents attitude or insight to parenting styles This research has implications for teachers educators and consultants which can be used for improving the university students achievement
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Background & Objective: Regarding the importance of nursing education promotion there is a need to use methods that have the ability to create knowledge and skills in students This study aimed to assess the effect of education (inquiry... more
Background & Objective: Regarding the importance of nursing education promotion there is a need to use methods that have the ability to create knowledge and skills in students This study aimed to assess the effect of education (inquiry bedside education and routine approach to clinical education) on critical care nursing students clinical learning Methods: This quasiexperimental study performed in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Valiasr hospital in Arak Iran during Octobers to March 2014 The subjects were 60 nursing students who were selected via census method and randomly were divided into three groups of 20 subjects After the administration of pretest students in the control group were educated using common method; in one of the experimental groups the inquirybased method and the other group bedside method were used for education for 10 days Then the three groups completed the questionnaires at the end of education again (posttest) Finally data were analyzed using ANOVA pairedt and independentt tests Results: The mean total score of the clinical skills and cognitive domain was significantly difference among the three groups after the intervention (F = 13675 degree of freedom = 2 P = 00001) After testing the homogeneity hypothesis of variances and using GamesHowell posthoc tests the total scores of training in bedside and inquirybased education were significantly more than the routine training after the intervention (P < 00001 and P = 00001 respectively) Conclusion: It seems that two methods inquirybased and bedside education enhanced clinical skills of students Therefore it is recommended to use these two methods of clinical educating to enhance students clinical learning
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Background & Objective: Medical education is one of the most important challenges facing Iranian medical authorities Meanwhile Islamic Azad University as a nongovernmental authority for medical education has its own challenges and... more
Background & Objective: Medical education is one of the most important challenges facing Iranian medical authorities Meanwhile Islamic Azad University as a nongovernmental authority for medical education has its own challenges and problems This study aimed to assess faculties perception to identify the challenges in this area to improve the achievement of educational goals and the quality of health care Methods: In this qualitative study in 2014 the conventional content analysis was done for 10 semistructured interviews with the faculty member of Islamic Azad University with experience interest and authority in medical school After implementation of interviews reviews were done several times The open coding system was used to generate initial categories for analysis Results: Analysis of data obtained from interviews with participants resulted seven themes including the public system abandoned the university despite the general acceptance ignoring students positive and negative characteristics problems of clinical faculty challenges of research area challenges in clinical education problems related to the field of interaction with the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and improving strategies Each theme consisted of several subcategories and described the specific aspects of the challenges in this area Conclusion: It is expected that the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in the Stewardship of Health and Medical Education consider the clinical education in Islamic Azad universities in terms of planning and policymaking Islamic Azad University officials also should consider strategies within the organization
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Background & Objective: Due to the disadvantages of teaching through lectures the need for their replacement with active and collaborative learning methods is strongly felt Students of public health due to employment in the health network... more
Background & Objective: Due to the disadvantages of teaching through lectures the need for their replacement with active and collaborative learning methods is strongly felt Students of public health due to employment in the health network have an important role in screening for genetic disorders This study aimed to change teaching methods to increase retention of practical contents in the minds of undergraduate students of public health after graduation Methods: This quasiexperimental study was conducted on 20 public health students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Iran The course of hereditary diseases and genetic counseling was taught with a new method that combines traditional and modern (the use of blogs PowerPoint discussion in small groups on clinical issues and developmental quizzes) teaching methods A year after the final exam an exam and survey were held The results of the survey and students grades were analyzed using paired ttest in SPSS software Results: Average scores of the final exam and 1year reexamination were 1725 and 1110 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0004) However the students stated that they remembered more than 86% of the topics covered in class to some extent Among the students 45% and 14% believed this to be due to developmental quizzes and problembased learning respectively No significant difference was observed in the components of students satisfaction from teaching between the two mentioned time periods (P = 0196) Conclusion: Continuous developmental quizzes due to repetition of course content at short intervals and problembased learning in small groups due to promoting dynamism of mind and increasing motivation to remember because of participation in debates cause the students to remember more and for a longer period
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Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing... more
Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of traditional and mannequinbased simulation teaching of CPR on knowledge and practice of emergency medicine students Methods: This experimental study was conducted using intervention and control groups and pretest and posttest The students were randomly divided into two groups of 15 individuals In the experimental group the students were trained through mannequinbased stimulation In the control group traditional CPR training method was used The scientific knowledge and skills of the participants were assessed in three stages of before the study at the end of the semester and 4 months after the intervention using a researchermade questionnaire and checklist The collected data were analyzed using ttest and repeated measurement test Results: The results showed no significant difference between the mean and standard deviation of the theory test and practical skill assessment in the control and intervention group before the study (P > 005) At the end of the semester the scores of the control group were respectively1486 ± 192 and 2253 ± 184 and of the intervention group were respectively 1480 ± 169 and 3480 ± 505 There was only a significant difference between the two groups in the practical test score (P = 0001) Four months after the intervention scores of the control group were 1033 ± 326 and 194 ± 213 and of the intervention group were 1186 ± 188 and 3480 ± 505 respectively Yet again only the practical test score showed significant difference between two groups (P = 0001) Conclusion: Based on the results of the study it is suggested that the mannequinbased stimulation method of teaching be used for training emergency medicine students
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Background & Objective: Focus group discussions are a way to solve problems in nursing A great extent of information on the specific issues and problems of nursing can be obtained through the activity of members in this method The aim of... more
Background & Objective: Focus group discussions are a way to solve problems in nursing A great extent of information on the specific issues and problems of nursing can be obtained through the activity of members in this method The aim of this study was to review studies conducted using this method as a problem solving method in nursing Methods: This study was a descriptive review on the objectives processes and applications of focus group discussion regarding problem solving in nursing The databases of Iranmedex Magiran SID Scopus ScienceDirect Elsevier Google Scholar and PubMed were searched using the keyword of focus group group interviews nursing and focus group discussion for publication in the years 19982015 Results: A focus group is a semistructured group session which is moderated by a group leader and held in an informal setting to collect information about a designated topic A focus group discussion is an interview with emphasis on interaction between the participants and the data generated is very difficult to achieve through individual interviews or participant observation The main components of a focus group include a skilled moderator appropriately selected participants appropriate place and time and correct implementation of the process Tape recording and verbatim transcription along with field notes are the usual methods of documenting data in focus groups Conclusion: Focus group discussion consists of a series of carefully planned discussions designed to obtain perceptions on a defined area of interest in a permissive nonthreatening environment Costeffectiveness flexibility and stimulating are some of the features of focus group discussions which can generate very useful information
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Background & Objective: According to the regulations for residents promotion exam fifty percent of score (150 scores) is measured via internal academic evaluation; from which thirty scores are measured using logbook software Considering... more
Background & Objective: According to the regulations for residents promotion exam fifty percent of score (150 scores) is measured via internal academic evaluation; from which thirty scores are measured using logbook software Considering the importance of this method in the evaluation of residents this research investigated the relationship between the residents educational and practical activities measured via logbook method and their success in promotion exam Methods: In this descriptiveanalytical research the study population consisted of 730 residents who participated in the promotion exam Using the stratified sampling method and according to Krejcie and Morgan table 244 residents were selected Then the score of each divided educational activity (theoretical class morning report practical skills infirmary clinical rounds journal club and educational conference) was measured separately for each resident and its relationship with the promotion exam score was investigated The data were analyzed using SPSS Software Results: The correlation coefficients of the score of promotion exam and educational activities were calculated for theoretical class (r = 052; P = 0049) morning report (r = 020; P = 0719) practical skills (r = 028; P = 0060) infirmary (r = 009; P = 0144) clinical rounds (r = 004; P > 0999) journal club (r = 0047; P = 0460) and educational conference (r = 019; P = 0100) The used method only described 28 percent of the promotion exam scores Conclusion: Only the theoretical class had significant relationship with residents success in promotion exam It seems that either the promotion exam is not based on the educational activities or the educational activities are only theoretical and far of the clinical skills
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Background & Objective: Achievement motivation and selfdirected learning can be affected by various factors including classroom management styles This study aimed to investigate the relationship between classroom management styles and... more
Background & Objective: Achievement motivation and selfdirected learning can be affected by various factors including classroom management styles This study aimed to investigate the relationship between classroom management styles and achievement motivation and selfdirected learning in graduate students of the University of Sistan and Baluchistan Iran Methods: This descriptivecorrelation study was conducted through regression analysis From among all graduate students of the University of Sistan and Baluchestan 323 students were selected and studied in October 2015 The study tools consisted of Martin and Baldwins Class Management Styles Questionnaire (1998) Fishers Selfdirected Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS) (2001) and Hermans Achievement Motivation Scale (1977) To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS software Results: Mean score  of the noninterventionist interactionist interventionist achievement motivation and selfdirected learning styles were 273 ± 0517 277 ± 0527 286 ± 0435 274 ± 0406 and 328 ± 0311 respectively The correlation coefficients of the noninterventionist style with achievement motivation and selfdirected learning were respectively 0077 and 0035 (P > 005) The correlation coefficients of the interactionist style with achievement motivation and selfdirected learning were respectively 0644 and 0591 (P < 001) The correlation coefficients of the noninterventionist style with achievement motivation and selfdirected learning were 0436 and 0408 (P < 001) respectively According to the results of regression analysis interactionist and interventionist styles explained 564% of the variance in achievement motivation and 48% of the variance in selfdirected learning (P < 001) Conclusion: Achievement motivation and selfdirected learning in students increased with the use of the interactive classroom management style and reduced with the use of the interventionist classroom management style
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Background & Objective: Anatomy is the basis of medical education and is conducted by the dissection of the cadaver The cadaver is a book which can provide great educational grounds for medical and paramedical students However cadaver... more
Background & Objective: Anatomy is the basis of medical education and is conducted by the dissection of the cadaver The cadaver is a book which can provide great educational grounds for medical and paramedical students However cadaver shortage is one of the most important problems of medical schools in Iran; a subject that despite high levels of theoretical training of the anatomy has created problems for the practical training of this science Methods: In this study scientific references articles and reports have been analyzed to determine the role of cadaver donation and its obstacles and the effect of bequeathment in the elimination of these obstacles Results: Findings have shown that experiences gained through dissecting cadaver are better and more effective than knowledge obtained from books or models For more effective education cadavers are constantly required Cadaver shortage has been the topic of discussions and complaints of anatomy professors and medical students for consecutive years Providing cadavers or dissection is a complicated subject which requires cultural training The provision of unidentified cadavers by morgues can result in both remuneration for the deceased and steps towards the acquiring of knowledge Conclusion: The field of anatomy can only survive through cadaver donation Cadaver donation is an actual and effective way to support medical development and facilitate life of future generations Legal religious and cultural obstacles impede cadaver bequest The elimination of these obstacles is possible through the establishment of cadaver donation institutes cultural promotion and creation of motive and awareness in the society
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Background & Objective: The main prospect of medical education is improving the quality of health care provided by clinicians The quality and timing of services is related to medical education that can train researchers to solve the... more
Background & Objective: The main prospect of medical education is improving the quality of health care provided by clinicians The quality and timing of services is related to medical education that can train researchers to solve the problems of the changing requirements of society Problembased learning (PBL) as a studentcentered learning approach can provide the context for such medical education The aim of present study was to obtain appropriate information about the effective use of PBL in Iranian medical education from available studies through a systematic review Methods: In the present study 16 studies on the effect of PBL on learning satisfaction and efficacy ‎of medical education were reviewed This systematic review was performed by searching the Google Scholar PubMed Magiran Iran Medex and SID databases using the keywords problembased learning medical education and Iran We included studies that were published from 2003 to 2015 in Iran The results of all studies were reviewed by two researchers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklists Results: From among the 130 selected articles 16 studies were included in the study The level of satisfaction with this type of training was reported as high The students performance was satisfactory with this educational method This method of training had a significant effect on the increasing of student learning particularly in the clinical and practical fields and strengthening of active learning selfdirection motivation and critical thinking Conclusion: According to the results of this study PBL can be used as an effective educational method for medical education in Iran
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Background & Objective: In recent years evidencebased care has been recognized as one of the essential competencies of nursing graduates Since senior nursing students are on the verge of graduating studying factors affective on the use of... more
Background & Objective: In recent years evidencebased care has been recognized as one of the essential competencies of nursing graduates Since senior nursing students are on the verge of graduating studying factors affective on the use of evidencebased care in their professional future and emphasis on educational programming to strengthen this competency are necessary This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and performance of senior nursing students regarding evidencebased care Methods: The present descriptiveanalytical study was conducted on 43 senior nursing students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2015 Data were collected using the Persian version of the Nursing Students Knowledge and Performance about EvidenceBased Practice Questionnaire Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient ANOVA) in SPSS software Results: The results indicated that the majority of students (535%) had sufficient knowledge of evidencebased care The total mean score of knowledge of the students was 1225 ± 334 while the majority of students (512%) showed poor performance The total mean score of performance of the students was 1728 ± 785 There was a direct correlation between knowledge and performance of the students (r < 056) Conclusion: There is gap between the knowledge and performance of students regarding evidencebased care; despite their sufficient knowledge on evidencebased care their performance was poor It is suggested that a suitable milieu for promoting evidencebased care is provided and theory and practice are linked through suitable planning a review of the curriculum and creating an appropriate educational environment for nursing students as future nurses
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Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their... more
Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using social networks in universities the present study was conducted with the purpose to explore graduate students perspectives regarding the use of social networks in education Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis method The participants were selected using purposive sampling (n = 13) Data were gathered through semistructured interviews recorded on audiotapes transcribed and then analyzed MaxQdata software was used for data analysis Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 476 codes 59 subcodes 11 subcategories and 4 main categories The main categories included the advantages of social networks (3 subcategories) disadvantages of social networks (2 subcategories) required infrastructures for using social networks in education (3 subcategories) and the capabilities of social networks in education (3 subcategories) Conclusion: This study revealed the advantages disadvantages and the applications of social networks in education Due to the importance of social networks in education we suggest that by providing the required infrastructures such as high speed internet educational protocols and etcetera the uses of social networks in education be improved so that students can better use these networks in education
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Background & Objective: Evaluation of the clinical training environment should be considered as an integral component of an optimal learning environment Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate the educational environment of... more
Background & Objective: Evaluation of the clinical training environment should be considered as an integral component of an optimal learning environment Therefore the purpose of this study was to evaluate the educational environment of residents at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Iran based on DRECT (Dutch Residency Educational Climate Test) questionnaire toward educational group accreditation in 20142015 Methods: This mixedmethod study was conducted in two phases The statistical population consisted of all residents in the field of internal medicine (n = 50) The first phase of the present study was performed quantitatively and using DRECT questionnaire The second phase of the study was performed a qualitatively through semistructured interviews with the target group The face validity and reliability of the questionnaire were approved using the views of 5 educational experts and Cronbachs alpha (α = 090) respectively The collected data were analyzed using Pearson coefficient and independent ttest in SPSS software Results: The results of this study demonstrated a meaningful correlation between the fields of professors role formal education guiding and evaluation and decision making for patients treatment The highest correlation was related to the two fields of formal education and decision making for patients treatment (P = 0001) and the least correlation was related to professors role and formal education (P = 0009) In qualitative analysis the strengthens of the group were regular attendance of classes morning reports and planning The weaknesses included revising the educational environment high load of clinical work high number of shifts little amount of time for theoretical studying and lack of attention to specialty skills Conclusion: According to the results the head of educational groups should move toward improving the quality of education in terms of residents cooperation and team work
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Background & Objective: With the presentation of topics related to social capital the attention of scholars has been drawn to the ability of curriculums to develop social capital and its components (trust participation and solidarity) The... more
Background & Objective: With the presentation of topics related to social capital the attention of scholars has been drawn to the ability of curriculums to develop social capital and its components (trust participation and solidarity) The current study aimed to present a teaching model for curriculum development for medical students in order to improve their social capital Methods: This qualitative survey was carried out based on grounded theory Data were gathered through interviews with 18 professors of medical curriculum planning The subjects were selected through purposive sampling Open axial and selective coding approaches were used to analyze the data Results: Teaching method was recognized as the main context of the present paper Then barriers to strategies and outcomes of the main context of the study were separated and plotted within a research paradigm and the final model of the study was created Conclusion: In the planning of the curriculum for medical sciences students factors effective on social capital promotion must be considered in the development of teaching methods
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Background & Objective: The morning report is a common useful and valuable clinical ‎training method in the world This method when applied on the basis ‎of evidencebased medicine (EBM) plays a more effective role in learning among medical... more
Background & Objective: The morning report is a common useful and valuable clinical ‎training method in the world This method when applied on the basis ‎of evidencebased medicine (EBM) plays a more effective role in learning among medical ‎students This study aimed to determine the impact of EBM on medical students skill in ‎presentation of morning report and its quality‎ Methods: This study was operations research and 80 students were selected through simple random sampling ‎from among all medical practitioners of Shahroud University of Medical ‎Sciences (Iran) The selected participants took part in the 3day workshop of introduction to ‎EBM with emphasis on morning report presentation Data were gathered using a researcher‎made questionnaire which was validated by experts and its reliability was approved using ‎Cronbachs alpha coefficient Questionnaires were distributed among the students before and after ‎the study and the results were compared Data were analyzed using chisquared test and ttest in ‎SPSS software‎ Results: Of the 80 interns participating in the study 22 individuals (275%) were men and the rest were female Average ‎time of internship training for the interns was 105 ± 65 months (range: 316 months) The mean quality ‎score of morning increased significantly from 903 ± 256 at baseline to 1328 ± 303 (P ‎‎= 0001) Significant changes were observed in broadband facilities computer ‎facilities and the emergence of new and accessible scientific resources the ‎average number of interns participating in the meeting average attendance of those on ‎duty the night before regular attendance of teachers regular participation ‎of interns the regular and timely attendance of those managing the discussion active participation of interns in discussions role of teachers in the meeting the selection of patients the method of discussion about different parts of the ‎patient followup of previously introduced patients and the positive role ‎of group administrators before and after EBM training‎ Conclusion: Morning reports presentation based on EBM during internship at this ‎University was desirable which can effectively result in the ‎improvement of the quality of education regular and more beneficial attendance of teachers ‎especially onduty specialists and more active participation of students and thus improve care ‎training and update clinical teachers information However due to students and professors lack ‎of knowledge regarding EBM holding training courses on ‎this topic seems necessary‎
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Background & Objective: Evaluation is a process that identifies and describes the effectiveness of all aspects of education The use of logbooks as an aid in education and assessment might provide the possibility for a more uniform... more
Background & Objective: Evaluation is a process that identifies and describes the effectiveness of all aspects of education The use of logbooks as an aid in education and assessment might provide the possibility for a more uniform training The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of logbook on students perspective in each of the 10 departments of dental school Methods: In this crosssectional survey a questionnaire consisting of 16 standardized items each scored on a 5point Likert scale (0 to 4) was used From among the collected forms 50 completely filled questionnaires were entered into the study The validity of the questionnaire was approved by a group of 10 experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbachs α (094) Tukeys test and oneway ANOVA were used for data analysis Results: In all departments there was agreement between the students logbook scores and final grades In addition the ability to find learning weaknesses via logbooks had the lowest score whereas clear statement of learning objectives for each subject and requirement obtained the highest score Usefulness of written clinical procedures in logbooks had the highest score in the Departments of Endodontics Removable Prosthodontics Fixed Prosthodontics and Pediatrics Conclusion: The logbook is a practical and useful assessment tool for evaluating students and achieving learning objectives It clearly states the educational objectives and clarifies the minimum requirements for each department However there is a need for the mutual cooperation and commitment of both the students and educators which requires time and the better establishment of this method
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Background & Objective: Selfesteem is one of the fundamental factors in academic performance of students and recognizing the variables which impact it may help its improvement The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of... more
Background & Objective: Selfesteem is one of the fundamental factors in academic performance of students and recognizing the variables which impact it may help its improvement The aim of the current study was to assess the impact of factors such as demographic and academic variables inclination toward lifelong learning and learning style on selfesteem among health sciences students Methods: In the present study 209 students of the School of Health of Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences (Tehran Iran) were selected to participate in the study using stratified random sampling Data collection tools consisted of a demographic and academic information questionnaire the Rosenberg selfesteem scale (RSES) Kolbs Learning Style Inventory (KLSI) and the Jefferson Scale of Lifelong Learning Data were analyzed using independent ttest oneway ANOVA Pearson correlation test and multiple regression analysis in SPSS software Results: The mean age of participants was 267 ± 84 years and most (94%) of them were men In bivariate analysis factors such as gender daily study time some domains of learning style as well as constructs of lifelong learning were significantly associated with selfesteem In multiple regression analysis variables of gender daily study time abstract conceptualization from learning style domains and beliefs of motivation toward learning (a lifelong learning construct) predicted students selfesteem Approximately 38% of variance in selfesteem was explained using variables included in the regression model Conclusion: Considering that variables such as gender daily study time some learning style domains and inclination toward lifelong learning may be associated with selfesteem to improve students selfesteem in the line with enhancing their academic performance appropriate planning should be undertaken considering these factors Moreover further studies are necessary in this regard to gain more understanding of these factors
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Background & Objective: Selfmedication is one of the chief health problems and educational programs on its prevention are very important An educational program can be considered effective if it can make the necessary changes in... more
Background & Objective: Selfmedication is one of the chief health problems and educational programs on its prevention are very important An educational program can be considered effective if it can make the necessary changes in participants knowledge and behavior The aim of this study was to evaluate the educational prevention program of selfmedication in women using the Kirkpatrick model Methods: This evaluation study was carried out on 88 women The cluster sampling method was used The data collection tools consisted of the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (‎DREEM) and a researchermade questionnaire based on the Kirkpatrick model the validity and reliability of which were measured The experimental group attended the educational program for 1 month The effectiveness rate of the course was calculated based on significant differences in learning reaction and behavior scores of the case and control groups during the pretest and posttest The collected data were analyzed in SPSS statistical software using descriptive and analytical statistical tests Results: The mean scores of desirability rate of participants reactions in terms of students perception of learning environment students academic selfperception students social selfperception students perception of atmosphere and students perception of teachers were 4481 ± 706 3150 ± 411 2250 ± 354 4310 ± 746 and 4137 ± 520 respectively After the educational intervention ttest results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in mean score of knowledge change and attitude change in the second evaluation level and also between mean score of behavior change in the third level (P < 0001) Conclusion: According to the Kirkpatrick model the educational prevention program of selfmedication resulted in favorable outcomes in the three evaluated levels of reaction learning and behavior and showed satisfactory efficiency
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Background & Objective: There has been growing recognition that medical students interns residents and practicing physicians across many specialties are prone to burnout with recent studies linking high rates of burnout to adverse mental... more
Background & Objective: There has been growing recognition that medical students interns residents and practicing physicians across many specialties are prone to burnout with recent studies linking high rates of burnout to adverse mental health issues The aim of this study was to examine factors affecting academic burnout among medical students and investigate the association between achievement goals and its dimensions academic selfefficacy and academic procrastination in the form of a causal model Methods: For this purpose 174 students (98 in the clinical stage and 76 in the preclinical stage) of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (Iran) were selected based on Cochrans Formula and through simple random sampling The data collection tools consisted of the Maslach Burnout InventoryStudent Survey (MBISS) Achievement Goal Questionnaire (Elliot and McGregor) Academic SelfEfficacy Scale (Midgley et al) and Academic Procrastination Scale (Savari) To analyze the data path analysis and the Pearson correlation coefficient were used Results: The resulting path models indicated that academic burnout had significant negative relationships with mastery achievement goal performanceapproach and academic selfefficacy but it had significantly positive relationships with academic procrastination and performanceavoidance It was also found that achievement goals had impact on academic burnout through academic procrastination and selfefficacy The explained variance of academic burnout was 061 Conclusion: It was found that achievement goals and academic selfefficacy had significant effects on academic procrastination and burnout Thus it is suggested that those involved in education provide the students with situations in which they can achieve a higher sense of empowerment in learning so that they become more engaged in their academic work and be less likely to experience burnout
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Background & Objective: The exam night phenomenon is a phenomenon observed among Iranian students in recent years This means that students study the lessons offered during the term only on the night before the exam The aim of this study... more
Background & Objective: The exam night phenomenon is a phenomenon observed among Iranian students in recent years This means that students study the lessons offered during the term only on the night before the exam The aim of this study was to investigate students views and reasons regarding the exam night ‎phenomenon of night Methods: This qualitative study was conducted through phenomenological method and purposive sampling The participants consisted of BSc students of Babol University of Medical Sciences (Iran) who had completed at least two half semesters and had experienced the exam night phenomenon Data were collected through indepth semistructured interviews and analyzed using open coding and a deep coding Results: The 3 main themes of personal problems (mental preoccupation lack of motivation students personality working while studying and study methods) educational issues (teacher textbooks interest in courses and the field of study and compact classes and the resulting fatigue) and implicit issues (university atmosphere family and the influence of friends) were effective in the exam night phenomenon Conclusion: According to the results the exam night phenomenon and its effective factors is an important issue which affects the students study method final score and many other issues
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Background & Objective: The plan of integration of medical schools into the health system was adopted in 1985 and one of its consequences was the creation of the teaching hospital The aim of this study was to investigate the problems and... more
Background & Objective: The plan of integration of medical schools into the health system was adopted in 1985 and one of its consequences was the creation of the teaching hospital The aim of this study was to investigate the problems and challenges of managing teaching hospitals Methods: This qualitative phenomenological study was conducted through interviews with 16 health experts about the integration of medical education and the problems of the management of teaching hospitals in 2014 In this study the data gathering tool was interviews In order to approve the credibility and confirmability of the text it was transcribed and the resulting analysis was distributed among the professors participating in this study and their corrective recommendations and comments were applied Data were analyzed through the analysis framework techniques Results: The findings of this study included 6 main codes and 20 subcodes regarding the problems of teaching hospitals The main codes included the weaknesses of the integration of education and health the strengths of the integration of education and health management problems of teaching hospitals weaknesses of the separation of education and health strengths of the separation of education and health and organizational communications Conclusion: Management of teaching hospitals compared with treatment hospitals is very difficult Many of the problems in hospitals are due to the lack of sufficient power of the director and the head of the hospital Thus these problems can be reduced by the delegation of authority to the hospital managers
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Background & Objective: Educational institutes have different approaches to the evaluation of their activities Many factors in the teaching process affect the learning process This study investigated the attitudes of dental students in... more
Background & Objective: Educational institutes have different approaches to the evaluation of their activities Many factors in the teaching process affect the learning process This study investigated the attitudes of dental students in the School of Dentistry of Kerman University of Medical Sciences (Iran) toward the current educational condition and learning atmosphere using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) Methods: This descriptive crosssectional study was performed on 205 dental students in 2013 DREEM includes questions on demographic information and 50 questions in 5 subscales (students perceptions of learning students perceptions of teachers students academic selfperceptions students perceptions of atmosphere and students social selfperceptions) The collected data were then analyzed using SPSS software Results: The mean of the achieved scores in the 5 subscales was 15223 ± 1563 out of 250 among men and 16464 ± 1880 among women Amongst the study population 9% found the educational conditions highly undesirable Statistically significant differences were observed only for the learning subscale between the 3rdyear and 4thyear students Conclusion: Students attitudes toward the learning environment of Kerman University of Medical Sciences were mostly positive but there were some inconsistencies It seems that stress fatigue and lack of feedback from teachers has caused negative emotions among students
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