Original Article
Ali Poor Amiri; Ghodsieh Khalili; Mostafa Shokoohi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 1-12
Abstract
Background & Objective: Evaluating students ability in diagnosing and treating patients after graduation has been recognized as a priority for medical education The aim of this study is to evaluate students ability after graduation from Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran in diagnosing and ...
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Background & Objective: Evaluating students ability in diagnosing and treating patients after graduation has been recognized as a priority for medical education The aim of this study is to evaluate students ability after graduation from Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran in diagnosing and treating orthopedic problems Methods: This is a retrospective cross sectional study carried out on 115 graduated general practitioners of 20012006 academic year In this study to evaluate the competency of general practitioners graduated from KUMS in musculoskeletal medicine participants were asked to complete a standard questionnaire with 36 questions in 9 domains Results: The total competency of the studied people was 65% The highest competency level was related to the domains of treatment of fractures and dislocation the initial treatment of open fractures and diagnosis of fracture and dislocation (80% 77% and 73% respectively) The lowest competency level was related to the domains of congenital deformity of feet musculoskeletal system tumors and congenital dislocation of the hip (47% 50% and 52% respectively) No difference was observed between men and women in the mentioned domains Conclusion: The results of our study revealed that in general the competency of graduated physicians was average Accordingly it is recommended that universities recognize weaknesses of graduated general practitioners according to a compiled program Moreover annual education programs can prevent more problems from occurring in the work setting and higher levels of education of these general practitioners
Original Article
Leila Namdar; Mojdeh Salajegheh; Farideh Osareh
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 13-26
Abstract
Background & Objective: The purpose of the present study is to trace the scientific status of researchers outputs in the field of parasitology as reflected in science citation databases during 19952010 Methods: In this study outputs of researchers in the field of parasitology were analyzed using ...
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Background & Objective: The purpose of the present study is to trace the scientific status of researchers outputs in the field of parasitology as reflected in science citation databases during 19952010 Methods: In this study outputs of researchers in the field of parasitology were analyzed using scientometric method 3781 records were downloaded from the online Web of Science and then were exported to the basic dataset created for the study in a personal computer For analyzing data were entered into statistical and scientometric softwares such as Excel and HistCite and Interdisciplinary Research (IDR) Results: Results show that the average growth rate in outputs of the field of parasitology during 19952010 is zero The highest number of productions is in article format (3190) and in English language (3601) The International Journal for Parasitology has the highest number of articles (2521) the University of Melbourne with 122 articles has the highest number of productions among universities and USA with 976 articles has the highest number of productions among countries Gasser RB with 59 articles has the most articles among authors and “Parasitology Meets Ecology on its Own Terms” by Margolis et al with 2041 has the highest number of citations The most important cluster in parasitology field is Infection Diseases (3514) with the following subjects: Parasitology Veterinary Sciences Tropical Medicine Infection Diseases Microbiology Immunology and Virology Conclusion: This study is a guide for researchers experts and policy makers in the field of parasitology
Original Article
Parvaneh Sharifi; Abbas Rahmati
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 27-35
Abstract
Background & Objective: One goal of education is to prepare students to deal with future issues and to be innovative Therefore the issues related to their learning be focused on and strengthened This study has been done to evaluate the effect of note taking skills training on the students academic ...
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Background & Objective: One goal of education is to prepare students to deal with future issues and to be innovative Therefore the issues related to their learning be focused on and strengthened This study has been done to evaluate the effect of note taking skills training on the students academic self–efficacy Methods: This study was done using test method (Pretest posttest with control group) The statistical society included the undergraduate students of the School of Literature and Humanities of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman Kerman Iran and the School of Public Health of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran (20092010) The study sample included 110 undergraduate students 55 in the experimental group (30 cases of literature and 25 cases of Public Health) and 55 in the control group (30 cases of literature and 25 cases of Public Health) The samples were selected by a singlestage cluster sampling method For data collection the MorganJinks Student Efficacy Scale (MJSES) was used The pretest was conducted in the two groups before the training The note taking skills training program was carried out in the experimental group in seven 2 hour sessions once a week The test groups were given the posttest after completing the course Ttest and the covariance analysis were used for data analysis Results: Findings showed that academic selfefficacy significantly increased after notetaking training in tested groups (P < 0005) Moreover the comparison of the two colleges showed that teaching these skills had a significant relationship with academic selfefficacy of students of the School of Health (P < 0005) but no significant relationship was found with the students of the School of Literature and Humanities (P > 0005) Conclusion: Due to the positive impact of notetaking skills training it seems that educational practitioners must invest more in the training of this skill and universitys professors as individuals influencing students should include notetaking skills in their academic courses to facilitate the teaching and learning process of these skills
Original Article
Hamid Reza Poureslam; Fatemeh Jahanimoghadam; Fatemeh Sadat Sajadi; Elham Farokhgisor; Lily Shafiee; Ali Barkhori
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 36-41
Abstract
Background & Objective: Behavior management of preschool children and disabled children is a challenge for dental students and dentists in dental clinics This challenge affects the quality and quantity of the treatment options and in some cases the parents are not satisfied with the treatments This ...
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Background & Objective: Behavior management of preschool children and disabled children is a challenge for dental students and dentists in dental clinics This challenge affects the quality and quantity of the treatment options and in some cases the parents are not satisfied with the treatments This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dental treatment under sedation and general anesthesia as a novel method in improvement of quality and quantity of education of dental students This was achieved by the evaluation of acceptance and satisfaction of the parents of pediatric patients Methods: In this descriptive and crosssectional study in Kerman School of Dentistry Iran 30 children and adolescents 45 to 16 years of age who had not been admitted to the dental clinics received dental treatments under general anesthesia and by use of nitrous oxide at the department of pediatric dentistry Then the acceptance and satisfaction of their parents were evaluated by a questionnaire The data were analyzed by SPSS 16 software and descriptive statistic methods Results : The data showed more than 80% of the parents were satisfied and believed that their children did not have anxiety in comparison to previous visits (96% of them gave 810 scores) Most treatments were tooth restoration and tooth extraction Conclusion: This procedure as a novel educational method is comfortable for pediatric patients and satisfies their parents so it is recommendable for educational dental clinics
Original Article
Kayumars Rashidi; Abdorrahim Afkhamzadeh; Raheleh Khodabandeh
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 42-49
Abstract
Background & Objective: Evaluation of prescriptions of doctors and particularly medical interns is an essential method for obtaining information about prescribing patterns and drug consumption The present study aimed to assess the ability of prescription writing of medical interns and young ...
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Background & Objective: Evaluation of prescriptions of doctors and particularly medical interns is an essential method for obtaining information about prescribing patterns and drug consumption The present study aimed to assess the ability of prescription writing of medical interns and young doctors for common illnesses Methods: In this crosssectional study the ability of prescription writing of medical interns and recently graduated doctors was evaluated via objective structured clinical examination (OSCE) on ten common diseases in Sanandaj Medical School Iran in 2010 Results: The average number of medicine for each prescription was 21 and the average score of participants in all stations was 62% From the correct prescriptions 815% had appropriate medicine and 344% accurate dosage and 213% with precise course of treatment 241% had administered wrong drugs for patients Half of the cases determined the correct treatment period In terms of related factors the score of girls was better than boys (P = 003) However there was no relationship between their ability and age marital status average mark of interns or their medical exam score in preinternship examination (r = 01 ) Conclusion: Prescription writing ability of participants was relatively acceptable but important issues such as drug dosage frequency of consumption and course of treatment which are essential in disease treatment should be improved Therefore it is necessary to review medical education programs and curriculums
Original Article
Mahin Nomali; Leila Jouybari; Akram Sanagoo
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 50-59
Abstract
Background & Objective: The general census is that engagement in educational decision making is the students right To have an effective reform the students and faculty members involvement are necessary The aim of this study was to determine the students` perspective of their role in medical ...
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Background & Objective: The general census is that engagement in educational decision making is the students right To have an effective reform the students and faculty members involvement are necessary The aim of this study was to determine the students` perspective of their role in medical education reforms Methods: In this qualitative study semistructured interviews were performed on 50 students of Golestan University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2012 Participants were included in the study by purposeful sampling method and with maximum variation The data collection stopped when data saturation was achieved One openended question was asked from all of the participants “what is the students role in medical education reform?” The recoded interviews were transcribed linebyline and analyzed using content analysis method Results: Student involvement as a key to any change was the main theme which emerged in the study Participation in educational decision making reformoriented thinking selfdirected and critical attitude the ability to use applied scientific knowledge creative thinking and problemsolving ability were the themes which were obtained Motivated instructors dynamic environment and learning opportunities were also mentioned as crucial elements for the students participation in education reform Conclusion: For any educational reform to be successful it requires students involvement By listening to students we can learn about the ways of improving the classroom or university Abilities such as criticism selfdirecting and problem solving plus having committed professors and dynamic learning climate together make reform possible Key Words: Reform Educational system Medical student Content analysis
Original Article
Davood Hekmatpou
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 60-69
Abstract
Background & Objective: Portfolio is useful as a learning method and an evaluating scale The goal of this survey was to study the effect of portfolio based evaluation on the accuracy of clinical evaluation of nursing students during their internship in Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran ...
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Background & Objective: Portfolio is useful as a learning method and an evaluating scale The goal of this survey was to study the effect of portfolio based evaluation on the accuracy of clinical evaluation of nursing students during their internship in Arak University of Medical Sciences Arak Iran Methods: This educational trial was conducted on all senior nursing students (n = 30) of Arak University of Medical Sciences Their clinical learning was evaluated by routine (first two weeks) and portfolio evaluation (last two weeks) All data were analyzed with SPSS version 17 Results: Mean age of students (14 boys and 16 girls) was 227 ± 12 years Mean of scores given by the instructor based on routine (194) and portfolio methods (165) in nursing management internship course had a significant difference (3 scores) (P = 00001) Moreover mean of scores given by the instructor based on routine (1911) and portfolio methods (163) in the internal internship course had a significant difference (3 scores) (P = 00001) Mean scores of students opinions about effective learning in internal wards with routine and portfolio methods had a significant difference (P ≤ 0001) Conclusion: Scores based on routine evaluation forms cannot be real since they are subjective not objective However scores based on portfolios are more real In spite of some limitations portfolio is applicable and userfriendly in clinical fields Therefore it is recommended for promoting learning levels and evaluating students clinical learning
Original Article
Mohammad Reza Ahanchian; Hoshang Garavand; Azam Mohammadzadeghasr; Seyed Ali Akbar Hosseini
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 70-77
Abstract
Background & Objective: Selfdirected learning readiness scale (SLRS) proposed by Fisher et al (2001) is a selfevaluation tool containing 50 questions The aim of the present study was to standardize SLRS for use among Nursing and Midwifery students Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive ...
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Background & Objective: Selfdirected learning readiness scale (SLRS) proposed by Fisher et al (2001) is a selfevaluation tool containing 50 questions The aim of the present study was to standardize SLRS for use among Nursing and Midwifery students Methods: The statistical population of this descriptive psychometric study included all undergraduate students of Nursing and Midwifery of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (N = 550) Study samples were 224 students (27% males and 73% females) The research instrument was selfdirected learning readiness scale Validity was confirmed by determining content validity and construct validity (exploratory factor analysis) and reliability was confirmed by calculating the coefficient of internal consistency (Cronbachs alpha) Results: Three factors of s elfmanagement willingness to learn and selfcontrol were extracted from the SLRS that could explain 345% of the total variance Cronbachs alpha for the entire questionnaire and the mentioned factors were respectively 092 088 082 and 079 The ttest results showed no significant difference between male and female students in regard to the total score In addition multivariant ANOVA demonstrated no significant difference between male and female students in regard to selfdirected learning factors Mean and standard deviation of selfdirecting for all students were 17699 and 2541 respectively Conclusion: R esults showed that selfdirected learning readiness scale has the required validity and reliability to identify selfdirected learning capabilities in Nursing and Midwifery students
Original Article
Shiva Alizadeh; Mojgan Sigarchian
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 78-86
Abstract
Background & Objective: Motivation is the driving force beyond all human activities Without motivation human species are not capable of implementing any planned activity The more ones motivation is in line with her interests and skill sets the higher chance the individual has to achieve success in ...
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Background & Objective: Motivation is the driving force beyond all human activities Without motivation human species are not capable of implementing any planned activity The more ones motivation is in line with her interests and skill sets the higher chance the individual has to achieve success in her professional and educational endeavors This study was performed to determine midwifery students motivation and related factors about their field Methods: This descriptive crosssectional study was conducted on all midwifery students who were studying at Islamic Azad University of Rasht in the first semester of academic year 20112012 The information was gathered through a questionnaire which has two parts personal information and questions about motivation for choosing field of study The data was analyzed by SPSS software version 16 using descriptive and analytical statistics Results: The mean score of students motivation for choosing field of study was 4985 ± 614 which was higher than the acceptable score There no significant relationship between score of motivation and research variables (job and education of parents marital status and university entry quotas living place diploma score economic situation and students age) Conclusion: Our research shows that the students of midwifery are highly motivated and have great enthusiasm for studying this academic discipline Therefore it is imperative for the authorities to seize this opportunity and make an allout effort to improve the educational standards of promising students in order to maximize their productivity
Original Article
Shohreh Emdadi; Firouz Amani; Ali Reza Soltanian; Behzad Imani; Amirhosein Maghsoud; Setareh Shojaeei; Masoumeh Zargaran; Yadollah Fathi; Gholamhosein Fallahi; Mahnaz Khatibian; Majid Motamedzadeh; Farahnaz Kamali
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 87-94
Abstract
Background & Objective: Evaluation is an essential process for educational institutions and one of the most common methods of evaluation of teachers is evaluation by students Students are the real customers in the educational process therefore their judgments should be important variables in determining ...
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Background & Objective: Evaluation is an essential process for educational institutions and one of the most common methods of evaluation of teachers is evaluation by students Students are the real customers in the educational process therefore their judgments should be important variables in determining teaching status of teachers According to customercentric principles the consumers satisfaction must be met This study assessed the validation of the current teacher evaluation form in theoretical courses Methods: This was a crosssectional study investigating the validity and reliability of the teacher evaluation form that is completed by students and identifying some factors affecting student evaluations To determine content validity of the teacher evaluation form 20 expert teachers were selected proportional to the number of teachers of each school of the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences To assess the reliability coefficient of the form 189 students were selected from different schools by proportional random sampling Results : According to the results questions such as rate of adherence to the determined topics providing practical application of teaching materials and the efficacy of determined assignments did not have the necessary validity score However the results indicated that validity of the questionnaire was acceptable In the present study the SpearmenBrown correlation coefficient indicated that the teacher evaluation form did not have an acceptable reliability (r = 0456 P < 0001) Conclusion: The current teacher evaluation form has an acceptable content validity but it does not seem reliable
Original Article
Bibi Eshrat i Zaman; Hasan Babri
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 95-108
Abstract
Background & Objective: Medical education institutions have always been looking for training methods that have high efficiency and effectiveness Thus the present study has been carried out with the aim of identifying the application of blended learning based on the SWOT pattern in Isfahan University ...
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Background & Objective: Medical education institutions have always been looking for training methods that have high efficiency and effectiveness Thus the present study has been carried out with the aim of identifying the application of blended learning based on the SWOT pattern in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran Methods: This was mixed methods and exploratory research The statistical population consisted of all the faculty members students and IT professionals For the samples 39 were selected from faculty members and 102 from students according to stratified random sampling for quantitative research and 10 from IT professionals according to purposive sampling to be interviewed The instruments for collecting data in the quantitative part were the researchermade questionnaire and in the qualitative part the deep semistructured interview Results: The results of the study showed that the areas of weakness and strength in the internal dimension and in the opportunities and threats in the external dimension were statistically significant The views in the area of strengths were similar however they had significant differences in other areas Moreover the advantages and opportunities have been more than disadvantages and threats of blended learning outlook Conclusion: Despite the weaknesses and threats of the blended learning method all participants in this study were optimistic of the prospects of this method in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
Brief report
Azam Meyari; Mahdi Beiglarkhani
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 109-118
Abstract
Background & Objective: The aim of this study was to survey the effect of presenting feedback on improvement of multiple choice questions (MCQ) design in annual residency exams Methods: In this semiexperimental study the structure and taxonomy in MCQs of annual residency exams in 2009 were analyzed ...
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Background & Objective: The aim of this study was to survey the effect of presenting feedback on improvement of multiple choice questions (MCQ) design in annual residency exams Methods: In this semiexperimental study the structure and taxonomy in MCQs of annual residency exams in 2009 were analyzed through Millmans checklist Based on this data an interventional feedback on strengths and weaknesses was presented to question designers who had experience of attending MCQ workshops and designing questions in the past The principles of giving technical feedback in medical education such as objectivity right timing and being direct respectful and without judgment were considered After the annual residency exam in 2010 the questions of designers in both years were compared in respect to Millmans principals and taxonomy before and after the intervention Results: From 2500 questions 2035 questions were entered into the study 652% of the questions developed in 2009 had no structural flaw this increased to 828% after the intervention which was a significant difference (P < 0001) Moreover there was a significant increase in the percentage of questions with a high taxonomy from 38% in 2009 to 531% in 2010 (P < 0001) Conclusion: Giving interventional feedback based on its techniques in medical education to experienced designers of MCQs can affect the improvement of designing quality of questions
Letter to editor
Mohammad Gholami; Mohammad Ali Hosseini; Sadat Seyed Bagher Maddah; Nasrin Jafari; Fereshteh Najafi
Volume 10, Issue 1 , May 2013, Pages 119-123
