Leili Mosalanejad; Mehdi Dastpak; Fatemeh Kheshti
Abstract
Background: COVID-19 crisis has created special educational conditions. This challenge has brought about changes in students’ academic lifestyles.Objectives: We aimed to conduct a qualitative study on the students’ academic lifestyle and quality during the COVID-19 crisis.Methods: This is ...
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Background: COVID-19 crisis has created special educational conditions. This challenge has brought about changes in students’ academic lifestyles.Objectives: We aimed to conduct a qualitative study on the students’ academic lifestyle and quality during the COVID-19 crisis.Methods: This is a qualitative method with a phenomenological analysis. The research was conducted within the framework of logic sampling on 50 students with a phenomenological approach to Medical, Health, and Laboratory Sciences students. It was purposeful. Students were asked to describe the style and quality of their academic life in the form of expression of experience during their COVID-19 crisis and quarantine, and then the analysis of the students’ written work was performed using Colaizzi’s seven-step process. Four-dimension criteria were also considered to assess rigor of qualitative research (credibility, dependability, conformability, and transferability).Results: Of 64 codes obtained in the research, five themes and 11 sub-themes emerged. Themes included items such as 1) unknown stress and anxiety, vague future and professional problem, 2) cognitive burden (information literacy, bulk contents, need for self-paced, and need for mastery), 3) interests (following interest and compensation process), 4) skills (self-regulation, self-direction, and time management), and 5) security (available content, exercise, and practice).Conclusion: According to the results, it can be stated that changing the academic lifestyle can provide improved personal skills and information literacy, but changing the academic lifestyle in a negative direction with cognitive burden and fear of the unknown has created many problems in the process of this lifestyle.
Sara Shafian; Soleiman Ahmadi; Parvin Rezaei-Gazki; Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi
Abstract
Background: Specialized and subspecialized medical education is of key importance in the higher education system due to the special role of residents in various fields in the educationalmedical system of universities and the important role of graduates of these fields as specialized and subspecialized ...
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Background: Specialized and subspecialized medical education is of key importance in the higher education system due to the special role of residents in various fields in the educationalmedical system of universities and the important role of graduates of these fields as specialized and subspecialized physicians in the community health system; therefore, the examination of their views on desirable education can lead to the improvement of the quality of education.Objectives: The present study aimed to explain the views of residents of Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, on desirable education. Methods: This study was performed using qualitative content analysis. A total of 17 participants were selected by purposive sampling in the academic year of 2019-2020 from the educational hospitals of Kerman University of Medical Sciences and interviewed in face-to-face and semistructured manners. After collecting the data, all the interviews were implemented and reviewed, and categories were extracted.Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of six main themes, including capable clinical professors, effective clinical environments, comprehensive planning, comprehensive and preventive educational rules and regulations, efforts to improve educational processes, and educational management.Conclusion: Health promotion is one of the needs of today’s society. Clinical education should be responsive to society, and the desirability of this education will lead to community health promotion. In this regard, it is suggested that education and health officials take an effective step toward improving residency course education by proper planning, performing continuous evaluations of the status of residency education, and considering the factors affecting the desirable clinical education.
Rita Mojtahedzadeh; Atekeh Mousavi; Mandana Shirazi; Aeen Mohammadi
Abstract
Background Because of the developments and advancements in information technology (IT), unparalleled opportunities have been provided in electronic arenas; among them, electronic learning (e-learning) systems have brought attention to the facilitation of education. Since educational environment is a ...
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Background Because of the developments and advancements in information technology (IT), unparalleled opportunities have been provided in electronic arenas; among them, electronic learning (e-learning) systems have brought attention to the facilitation of education. Since educational environment is a factor influencing the success of educational programs, the current study aims at evaluating the factors that create the educational atmosphere in cyberspace. Methods The current study employed a qualitative content analysis approach and a targeted sampling method. A total of 11 students and 13 faculty members were recruited by a semi-structured interview in 2015. The interviews were continued separately for both students and lecturers up to the saturation of sample size. After the interview data were qualitatively analyzed. Results After the data analysis, 685 codes were extracted out of the qualitative data, which were reevaluated in several stages and classified into 38 subcategories. Then, 13 categories and 6 domains (The status of virtual education, learner support, teaching skills, evaluation, professionalism and professional ethics, and self-efficacy) were created. Conclusions Since the educational environment is an inseparable part of a curriculum, the factors creating an educational atmosphere in cyberspace are critically important and necessary for the qualitative and quantitative evaluations of the curriculum and prediction of educational outcomes.
Seyed Hadi Hakak; Abbas Allami; Fariba Derakhshan; Mahnaz Abbasi
Volume 13, Issue 6 , March 2017, , Pages 539-552
Abstract
Background & Objective: The majority of surveys have demonstrated the inadequate success rate of continuing education programs in Iran from the viewpoint of participants However no studies have been conducted on the viewpoints of lecturers (influential individuals and beneficiaries in this issue) ...
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Background & Objective: The majority of surveys have demonstrated the inadequate success rate of continuing education programs in Iran from the viewpoint of participants However no studies have been conducted on the viewpoints of lecturers (influential individuals and beneficiaries in this issue) in this regard Thus the present study aimed to investigate the problems of continuing education programs and their solutions from the perspective of lecturers Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in 2015 on 15 university faculty members who had previous experience of lecturing continuing education programs The participants were selected using purposive sampling (n = 15) Data were gathered through focus group discussion All discussions were recorded on audiotapes transcribed and then analyzed through inductive content analysis Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 3 main themes (problems) 12 categories 42 subcategories and 68 suggested solutions The main themes included the reduction of incentive to participate in programs (4 categories) low effectiveness of implemented programs (5 categories) and the ineffective evaluation of programs (3 categories) Conclusion: The main motivation for general practitioners to participate in these programs must be the correction of professional practice It seems that intervention in the implementation and assessment fields are more likely than participants motivation Providing teaching methods workshops for faculty members improving awareness of the goals and timetable of workshops holding workshops rather than lectures evaluating performance instead of satisfaction and providing feedback on the assessment results are effective factors in the efficiency of programs
Amin Beigzadeh; Shahnaz Kohan; Nikoo Yamani; Habibolah Rezaei
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, , Pages 220-234
Abstract
Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using ...
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Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using social networks in universities the present study was conducted with the purpose to explore graduate students perspectives regarding the use of social networks in education Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis method The participants were selected using purposive sampling (n = 13) Data were gathered through semistructured interviews recorded on audiotapes transcribed and then analyzed MaxQdata software was used for data analysis Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 476 codes 59 subcodes 11 subcategories and 4 main categories The main categories included the advantages of social networks (3 subcategories) disadvantages of social networks (2 subcategories) required infrastructures for using social networks in education (3 subcategories) and the capabilities of social networks in education (3 subcategories) Conclusion: This study revealed the advantages disadvantages and the applications of social networks in education Due to the importance of social networks in education we suggest that by providing the required infrastructures such as high speed internet educational protocols and etcetera the uses of social networks in education be improved so that students can better use these networks in education
Saba Farzi; Fariba Haghani; Sedigheh Farzi
Volume 12, Issue 5 , February 2016, , Pages 745-752
Abstract
Background & Objective: In nursing clinical education due to its importance is known as the heart of professional education One of the skills taught in the clinical environment is nursing procedures Studies show that even students who have complete theoretical knowledge are unable to provide care ...
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Background & Objective: In nursing clinical education due to its importance is known as the heart of professional education One of the skills taught in the clinical environment is nursing procedures Studies show that even students who have complete theoretical knowledge are unable to provide care and perform the required skills at the clients bedside independently Thus the present study was carried out with the aim to reveal the problems and challenges of nursing students in nursing procedures training Methods: This descriptiveexploratory study was conducted with qualitative approach in 2016 The study participants consisted of 12 students from the School of Nursing Purposive sampling was conducted until data saturation Data were collected through interviews All interviews were taperecorded handwritten and analyzed line by line To analyze the data conventional content analysis was used Results: From the interviews 5 main categories and 17 subcategories which represent students experiences of the challenges of nursing procedures training were extracted The categories included the transition from skill lab to practice discrepancies between education and clinical practice fears practice of clinical instructor and students characteristics Conclusion: Students are only able to perform the correct nursing procedures when the appropriate training is provided Considering the entrance behavior of students attracting and employing experienced clinical teachers and improving the learning environment can help in overcoming the obstacles expressed by students
Maryam Avizhgan; Ebrahim Mirshah Jafari; Ahmad Reza Nasr; Tahereh Changiz
Volume 11, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 153-169
Abstract
Background & Objective: Leadership talent is the rarest resource in todays world that will have continuous conductivity the organizations to be successful in tomorrows world Considering the importance of curriculum leadership in educational department this study was designed to answer the ...
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Background & Objective: Leadership talent is the rarest resource in todays world that will have continuous conductivity the organizations to be successful in tomorrows world Considering the importance of curriculum leadership in educational department this study was designed to answer the question how do faculty members see curriculum leadership in the post graduate? Methods: In a qualitative study with purposive sampling of desirable cases type faculty members with management experience and expert in the post graduate were selected and interviewed using semistructured method Data were analyzed using thematic content analysis including: data collection data reduction deduction and analysis in the MAXQDA software version 2007 Results: After interviewing 18 faculty members with sufficient experience and management experience in the postgraduate courses we achieved a richness of information saturation and data replicate 500 codes were extracted from research data under five main categories and were classified These categories included: educational atmosphere improvement curriculum development curriculum implementation curriculum evaluation and supervision innovation and facilitate change and adaptation Conclusion: Participants in this study suggested five main categories and 18 subcategories that represented curriculum leadership roles These roles are in the applicable and comparable area with curriculum cycle including: the planning implementation supervision evaluation and change In addition these roles were also emphasized on educational atmosphere improvement that is platform background supplier infrastructure and prerequisites for the curriculum cycle
Mahnaz Khatiban; Mehrnoosh Pazargadi; Tahereh Ashktorab
Volume 11, Issue 1 , May 2014, , Pages 23-34
Abstract
Background & Objective: Reviewing the kinds of performance evaluation systems for academic members applying by different universities is one of the most important approaches to develop one Therefore as part of a broader research aimed to provide a performance evaluation model we attempted ...
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Background & Objective: Reviewing the kinds of performance evaluation systems for academic members applying by different universities is one of the most important approaches to develop one Therefore as part of a broader research aimed to provide a performance evaluation model we attempted to compare the performance evaluation systems of some universities around the world Methods: This study was performed through a qualitative content analysis method with the theoretical approach based on the Performance Appraisal Diagnostic Model (Wolf 2003) The study population included all universities of the five continents The universities that had their performance evaluation systems in English in their websites were chosen as sample group A search was also conducted with the determined keywords through the search engines The faculty performance evaluation systems of 19 universities were chosen from the continents: America (10) Europe (3) Oceania (2) Africa (3) and Asia (one in Turkey ) Results: The philosophies of all the reviewed performance evaluation systems were performance recognition continuous development identifying performance barriers and individual development needs These systems were related to the systems of payment compensation recruiting and performance development The effectiveness of a faculty member was characterized by his/her performance indicators in line with the mission of organization in education scholarship and clerical area There was a combination of the trait behavior and resultbased systems with different weights according to organizational and professional positions The quantitative and qualitative data were gathered by different measures from multiple sources Conclusion: Considering the findings the reviewed performance evaluation systems for academic members have important issues according to the Wolfs diagnostic model
Sakineh Sabzevari; Abbas Abbaszadeh; Fariba Borhani
Volume 10, Issue 3 , October 2013, , Pages 385-397
Abstract
Background & Objective: Identifying clinical education problems is a challenge in training staffs and professional role acceptance This study aimed to identify nursing faculty perception from student evaluation challenges in medical surgical wards Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative ...
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Background & Objective: Identifying clinical education problems is a challenge in training staffs and professional role acceptance This study aimed to identify nursing faculty perception from student evaluation challenges in medical surgical wards Methods: This was a descriptive qualitative study Participants were 14 nursing faculty members and purposeful sampling was used until data saturation Interview was done for data collection All the interviews were recorded and then transcribed and analyzed Software One Note 2010 was used for documentation of interviews and extracted codes Manifest content analysis was used for data analysis Results: Four themes and 14 categories were emerged including superficial evaluation (face evaluation evaluation with invalid instrument modeless evaluation and detail center evaluation) unreal center evaluation (theory based evaluation unprofessional based evaluation tact based evaluation and help to average rise based evaluation) betbased evaluation (conservative evaluation student recompensebased evaluation of teacher and cliché type evaluation) and incomplete evaluation (unintegrated evaluation unclear evaluation and to digress of criterion reference evaluation) Conclusion: Modeless and noninstrumental evaluation was reported as important subjects that emphasized by faculty members Some interventions for fair evaluation were recommended as using valid instrument and proper approaches based on short and long goals for competent graduated to health care system entry
Mitra Gharib; Mohammad Reza Sarmadi; Issa Ebrahimzadeh; Hossein Zare; Amir Hossein Emami; Atoosa Gharib
Volume 8, Issue 1 , July 2011, , Pages 22-32
Abstract
Background & Objective: As enrollment in virtual online courses continues to grow one of the stakeholders concerns is the enhancement of critical thinking in students This study was performed in order to answer this core question: what are the barriers and facilitating factors of critical thinking ...
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Background & Objective: As enrollment in virtual online courses continues to grow one of the stakeholders concerns is the enhancement of critical thinking in students This study was performed in order to answer this core question: what are the barriers and facilitating factors of critical thinking in virtual environment? Methods: This qualitative study is part of a mixed qualitative and quantitative study performed for developing the process of teaching critical thinking in virtual medical education program in which 7 eteachers and 11 postgraduate estudents (out of a total of 12 students) of virtual medical education discipline were investigated Data were gathered using a semistructured questionnaire All interviews were taperecorded transcribed and then analyzed using Strauss and Corbins constant comparative method Results: Participants had a variety of experiences about critical thinking improvement that were conceptualized in three major themes of: belief system including personal beliefs and aspects that are considered as constant during a short time period educational management including factors that can be manipulated by the educational leaders and critical thinking in virtual environment including motivating and limiting factors of critical thinking Conclusion: The results of this study highlight the barriers and facilitating factors of enhancing critical thinking in virtual environment Teachers educational planners and leaders can use the results of this study in order to improve their virtual programs and students critical thinking
Behzad Shams; Sepideh Jamshidian; Tahereh Changiz
Volume 7, Issue 2 , January 2011, , Pages 81-91
Abstract
Background & Objective : Attention to the challenges that trainers and trainees may face during educational programs is very beneficial for achieving maximum efficiency in educational settings This study was conducted to identify the challenges experienced by interns and attends during ambulatory ...
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Background & Objective : Attention to the challenges that trainers and trainees may face during educational programs is very beneficial for achieving maximum efficiency in educational settings This study was conducted to identify the challenges experienced by interns and attends during ambulatory pediatrics teaching programs in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Methods : This qualitative study was a small part of the evaluation of ambulatory pediatrics teaching program based on CIPP model Seven attends and seven interns were selected through purposeful sampling and interviewed using semistructured interviews in the summer and fall of 2009 Results : Interpretational analysis of interviews resulted in 6 categories named planning faculty members interns instructional activities learning resources and evaluation and 21 subcategories The suggestions given by participants for some challenges were considered too Conclusion : Attention to the aforementioned challenges and suggestions can be very beneficial in solving the present challenges