Hossein Karimi Moonaghi; Roghayeh Zardosht
Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2015, , Pages 98-107
Abstract
Background & Objective: Learning theories focus on individuals way of learning Cognitive learning theory emphasizes the importance of the internal process of the learner and includes several known prospects such as Gestalt data processing or information processing meaningful learning concept ...
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Background & Objective: Learning theories focus on individuals way of learning Cognitive learning theory emphasizes the importance of the internal process of the learner and includes several known prospects such as Gestalt data processing or information processing meaningful learning concept mapping exploration methods selfefficacy and selfregulation Each of these perspectives emphasizes a specific aspect of cognition Limited information exists on the processes and approaches used by nursing students in learning The present research was conducted in order to determine the role of cognitive theory in nursing education Methods: In this study library and search databases [Medline Google Scholar Scientific information database (SID) and Magiran] were search using the keywords learning theory cognitive theory and nursing education All literature published from 2000 to 2013 were selected Subsequently each approach to this theory in nursing education was studied Results: The key principles of Gestalt in connection with the care and education of patients include mental organization towards simplicity balance and discipline guided by the patients desire and a simple and clear description of the illness Application of information processing theory in nursing education consists of compliance of occupation with mindset and acceptance of and respect for different ways of thinking among people working in the health care environment Concept mapping is a metacognitive strategy for training nursing students on learning methods and exploration method is the factor which increases the confidence of nurses Selfefficacy emphasizes the importance of acquisition and application of knowledge and development and improvement of scientific and professional skills Moreover nursing students with greater achievements are learners who show selfregulation Conclusion: In the 21st century nursing has undergone numerous changes and nurses are forced to deal with patients with a wider range of pathologies and chronic and underlying diseases For satisfactory performance in such an educational environment nurses require cognitive and metacognitive skills Educational applications of social cognitive learning theory in nursing include model orientation teaching new behaviors and skills encouraging previously learned behaviors directly and indirectly teaching of the prevention of chronic diseases increasing patients independence and effectiveness This study provided valuable knowledge on cognitive theory in nursing education Thus the introduction application and study of this theory in nursing education are recommended
Makiee Jamali; Azita Noroozi; Rahim Tahmasebi
Volume 11, Issue 1 , May 2014, , Pages 35-44
Abstract
Background & Objective: One of the most important criteria for efficiency of an educational system is learners academic achievement Discovery and study of factors affecting this item can be helpful in improvement of educational system The aim of this study was to identify the factors affect ...
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Background & Objective: One of the most important criteria for efficiency of an educational system is learners academic achievement Discovery and study of factors affecting this item can be helpful in improvement of educational system The aim of this study was to identify the factors affect students achievement based on the social cognitive theory constructs Methods: In this crosssectional study using a systematic random sampling method 428 students of Bushehr University Medical Sciences were enrolled in 201213 To determine academic achievement the differences between the mean scores gathered by students in the theory courses (nongeneral courses) through the last two semesters were used Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire and standard questionnaires for academic selfefficacy academic stress multidimensional social support and students outcome expectancy Results: Selfefficacy (Exp (B) = 102 P = 0004) academic stress (Exp (B) = 0919 P = 0032) and school (P < 0001) were direct predictors on academic achievement and social support stress and place of obtaining diploma had indirect effect (through selfefficacy) on it In girls academic selfefficacy academic stress and school and in boys academic selfefficacy and school were predictors of academic achievement Conclusion: According to the influence of selfefficacy and stress in academic achievement designing appropriate interventions and strategies to increase academic selfefficacy and stress management can improve students academic achievement especially in medical students