Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1 M.Sc. in Medical Education, Medical Education Development Center, Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences (CERMS), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
2 BSc. of Medical Library & Information Science, Medical Education Development Center, Center for Educational Research in Medical Sciences (CERMS), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
3 Specialist in Emergency Medicine, Assistant Professor, Department of emergency Medicine, Haftom Tir Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nearly two decades have passed since the establishment of evidencebased medicine (EBM) EBM is of great importance due to its ability to fill the information gap between medical research and clinical practice The aim of the present study was to evaluate the existing evidence of the application of EBM in published Iranian educational papers Methods: This is a systematic review of Iranian papers published in both Iranian and international journals The results were reviewed by two researchers separately to assess the inclusion and exclusion criteria and evaluate the level of evidence We used the Best Evidence Medical Education (BEME) guideline for conducting the systematic review and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and MetaAnalyses (PRISMA) flowchart to present the selection process In addition the Medical Education Research Quality Index (MERSQI) was used for the evaluation of the quality of the studies Results: EBM was used in 11 fields which can be categorized as the 4 clinical educational research and policymaking groups The educational group consisted of 3 domains of holding a journal club case discussions and teaching and learning Only 6 studies were found to report the effect of education on the application of evidencebased medicine The evaluation of their quality showed average quality Conclusion: Although there are a limited number of studies on the effect of education on EBM application they present satisfactory and average quality evidence Despite the existence of various educational courses on EBM in Iran no high level and high quality evidence exists to show the effectiveness of education on knowledge attitude practice and behavior of healthcare professionals especially in the longterm Thus the designing and performing of high quality research is required in this field
Keywords
- Sackett DL, Rosenberg WM, Gray JA, Haynes RB, Richardson WS. Evidence based medicine: what it is and what it isn't. Bmj. 1996;312(7023):71-2.
- Straus SE, Richardson WS, Glasziou P. Evidence Based Medicine.
3 ed. London: Churchill Livingstone; 2005. 3. Davidoff F, Florance V. The informationist: a new health profession? Ann Intern Med. 2000; 132(12): 996-8.
- Glasziou P, Del-Mar C, Salisbury J. Evidence-based Practice Workbook. 2nd ed. Massachusetts: BMJ Books; 2007.
- Hammick M, Dornan T, Steinert Y. Conducting a best evidence systematic review. Part 1: From idea to data coding. BEME Guide No. 13. Med Teach. 2010; 32(1):3-15.
- Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. PLoS Med. 2009;6(7):e1000097.
- Liberati A, Altman DG, Tetzlaff J, Mulrow C, Gøtzsche PC, Ioannidis JPA, et al. The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate healthcare interventions: explanation and elaboration. BMJ. 2009;339: b2700.
- Moharari RS, Rahimi E, Najafi A, Khashayar P, Khajavi MR, Meysamie AP. Teaching critical appraisal and statistics in anesthesia journal club. QJM. 2009;102(2):139-41.
- Sadeghi R, Dabbagh Kakhki VR. Effect of evidence based medicine training in the quality of journal clubs: A road to evidence based journal clubs. Iran J Nucl Med. 2010;18(2):38-44.
- Shokouhi G, Ghojazadeh M, Sattarnezhad N. Organizing Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) Journal Clubs in Department of Neurosurgery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Int J Health Sci (Qassim). 2012;6(1):59-62.
- Adibi P, Nik-kholgh B, Esmaeeli A, Sima HR, Zali Mr. Using case discussion for resident training. Iran J Med Educ. 2003;3(1):5-13. [In Persian]
- Taheri H, Mirmohammad Sadeghi M, Adibi I, Ashourioun V, Sadeghizadeh A, Adibi P. The Effect of an Evidence Based Medicine Workshop on Undergraduate Medical Students’ Skills in Applying EBM. Iran J Med Educ. 2006;6(2):71-8. [In Persian]
- Rafiei S, Abdollahzadeh S, Ghajarzadeh M, Habibollahi P, Fayazbakhsh A. The Effect of Introducing Evidence Based Medicine on Critical Appraisal Skills of Medical Students. Iran J Med Educ. 2008;8(1):149-53. [In Persian]
- Coomarasamy A, Khan KS. What is the evidence that postgraduate teaching in evidence based medicine changes anything? A systematic review. Bmj. 2004;329(7473):1017.
- Ghafouri HB, Saravani Sh, Shokraneh F. Burden of circulatory system diseases and ignored barriers of knowledge translation. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2012;4(4):89-94.
- Mostafaei A, Hajebrahimi S. Perceived satisfaction of ophthalmology residents with the current Iranian ophthalmology curriculum. Clin Ophthalmol. 2011;5:1207-10.
- Kawar E, Garcia-Sayan E, Baker-Genaw K, Drake S, Kaatz S. Journal club 102: enhancing evidence-based medicine learning using a virtual journal club. J Grad Med Educ. 2012;4(1):116.
- Hatala R, Keitz SA, Wilson MC, Guyatt G. Beyond journal clubs. Moving toward an integrated evidence-based medicine curriculum. J Gen Intern Med. 2006;21(5):53841.
- Ghafouri HB, Saravani S, Shokraneh F. Feasibility of Medical Education through Email: Darsnameh e-Learning System as a National Pattern. Res Dev Med Educ. 2012;1(1):25-30.
- Norman GR, Shannon SI. Effectiveness of instruction in critical appraisal (evidence-based medicine) skills: a critical appraisal. CMAJ. 1998;158(2):177-81.
- Coomarasamy A, Taylor R, Khan KS. A systematic review of postgraduate teaching in evidence-based medicine and critical appraisal. Med Teach. 2003;25(1):77-81.
- Kadivar M, Hooman N. Role and structure of morning report in children’s teaching hospitals in Iran. Med J Islamic Republic Iran. 2011;25(2):94-8.
- Azma K, Shekarchi B, Naseh I. A study of viewpoints of students and faculty members of Tehran Imam Reza Hospital (AS) on mission and how to do morning reports. J Med Educ Dev. 2012;7(1):18-25. [In Persian]
- Kersten HB, Randis TM, Giardino AP. Evidence-based medicine in pediatric residency programs: where are we now? Ambul Pediatr. 2005;5(5):302-5.