Original Article
Saharnaz Nedjat; Hasan Emami Razavi; Arash Rashidian; Shahrooz Yazdani; Reza Majdzadeh
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background: It seems that in our country choosing medicine as the field of study in university is mostly due to family and society pressures rather than the applicants real interest in this field Objective: To determine medical students motives for choosing medicine and their outlooks for this profession ...
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Background: It seems that in our country choosing medicine as the field of study in university is mostly due to family and society pressures rather than the applicants real interest in this field Objective: To determine medical students motives for choosing medicine and their outlooks for this profession by using two qualitative and quantitative approaches Methods: The qualitative part includes two focus group discussions with interns and one focus group discussion with fresh students In the quantitative part complementary to the qualitative section the causes of choosing medicine field and the rate of students and applicants awareness toward the future statue of their profession were studied For this purpose 33 fresh students 107 interns and 88 applicants of medicine field after taking the entrance examination were selected through convenient and consecutive sampling and were asked to complete the designated questionnaire Results: In the qualitative part everybody agreed that the applicants own preference is not determining and almost all of the students mentioned the social prestige of a physician and medical field as the main cause of choosing this field In the quantitative part interest in the scientific content of this field (in 42%) the role of physician in health improvement (in 21%) financial income (in 143%) the social prestige of physician (in 13%) and the pressure of family and society (in 1%) were mentioned as the main causes of choosing medicine field On the other hand participants in the qualitative part of the study didnt have a good outlook for the professional status of general practitioners and some of them believed that continuing studies in medicine field is more difficult than other fields In the quantitative part of study as the age of participants increased they more asserted that in medical field the possibility of continuing studies finding job in good area and with good income is less compared with other fields Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that many students have not adequate awareness toward the medicine field and in choosing this field they are mostly under the influence of factors such as the pressure of family and the social prestige of the physicians Although these aspects were not obvious in the quantitative part of the study they were confirmed by all of the participants in the qualitative section of the study This fact denotes the importance of qualitative approaches or the combination of qualitative and quantitative designs On the other hand since with increase in the age of students their awareness toward the future statue of their field improves it is suggested that admission is not confined to academic criteria and appropriate metacognitive characteristics of applicants are also considered in admitting the students
Original Article
Nayereh Salmani; Hengameh Amirian
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 11-18
Abstract
Background: Clinical education environment is a place for improving clinical skills of nursing students and preparing them for working in the hospital Studies have shown that students expectation of their clinical education environment is different from what exists in reality That is they are always ...
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Background: Clinical education environment is a place for improving clinical skills of nursing students and preparing them for working in the hospital Studies have shown that students expectation of their clinical education environment is different from what exists in reality That is they are always looking for a better learning environment Therefore finding any factor affecting clinical learning is essential in planning clinical education programs Objectives: To compare nursing students and their instructors viewpoints about clinical education environment Methods: In this descriptive study 119 nursing students and 14 instructors in Islamic University of Yazd were randomly selected Data gathering tool was a twopart questionnaire The first part included demographic features and the second part included items for viewpoint assessment This part contained items about “the relationship between students and their instructors” “the presence of learning opportunities in hospital” “support of students by instructors” and “hospital facilities” Results: Clinical education environment was poor according to 11% moderate according to 77% and good according to 12% of the students while it was evaluated as being moderate by 50% and good by 50% of the instructors and there was significant statistical difference between the two groups in their viewpoints about clinical education environment (p=0001) In addition to the total score in three domains “instructorstudent relationship” “learning opportunities” and support of students by instructor” had better viewpoints comparing to the students (p=0001) Conclusion: The differences between instructors and nursing students viewpoints about the condition of clinical education environment is important and identifying these differences can help recognizing key problems of clinical education environment
Original Article
Mehri Ghafourian Boroujerdnia; Abdol Hossein Shakurnia; Hossein Elhampour
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 19-25
Abstract
Background: Considering the importance of educational processes in our universities evaluation of academic members in order to improve their teaching quality is highly necessary In Education Development Center of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences evaluation of academic members by students is performed ...
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Background: Considering the importance of educational processes in our universities evaluation of academic members in order to improve their teaching quality is highly necessary In Education Development Center of Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences evaluation of academic members by students is performed annually through questionnaires and the results are reflected to the teachers Objective: To determine the opinions of teachers about the effective factors on variations of their evaluation score during the academic year of 20032004 in comparison to the previous year Methods: In this descriptive study a researchermade questionnaire was prepared and distributed among 130 non clinical academic members of whom 72% filled and returned the questionnaires Data were analyzed by computing frequency percentage and Chisquare test Results: About half of the teachers (523%) gained a higher evaluation score in comparison to the previous year and they believed that the most important factors causing this increase have been respectively more proficiency in educational program content (46%) considering students program level (26%) knowing the results of previous evaluation (23%) participating in medical education workshops (75%) improvement of educational facilities (71%) and alteration in social behavior (68%) Among all teachers 374% gained a lower score comparing to the previous year and according to them frequent holidays during the academic semester (49%) type of course and its nature (37%) and students dishonesty in evaluating teachers (34%) had been the most important factors affecting decrease in their evaluation score while inappropriate class time (91%) had not been effective in this regard Conclusion: In order to improve the quality of educational programs considering academic members suggestions and trying to resolve educational problems are highly recommended
Original Article
Seied Asghar Rasoulynejad; Seied Vahid Rasoulynejad
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 26-32
Abstract
Background: Every one has a preferred style of learning Although teachers should adapt their teaching method with their students learning styles it seems that in most cases this fact is disregarded which in turn may decrease the quality of teaching and consequently educational goals Objective: To determine ...
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Background: Every one has a preferred style of learning Although teachers should adapt their teaching method with their students learning styles it seems that in most cases this fact is disregarded which in turn may decrease the quality of teaching and consequently educational goals Objective: To determine the learning styles of paramedical students in Kashan University of Medical Sciences Methods: In this descriptive analytical study 130 nursing midwifery and allied health students were investigated For data collection a standardized questionnaire according to Joy Ried model was used The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions in six learning domains of visual tactile auditory group learning individual learning and class participation and was justified by Likert scoring scale Results: From 130 participants 323% were male and 677% were female and 454% were nursing students 40% were health students and 146% were midwifery students Minimum mean score (292) and maximum mean score (387) were respectively related to group learning and class participation There was no significant difference in learning style scores based on sex and field of study Conclusion: Considering the obtained results showing the variety of learning styles and their differences all teachers are advised to avoid limiting their teaching method to just one method and to use various techniques compatible with the type of teaching materials
Original Article
Seyyed Mohammad Mehdi Hazavehei; Yadollah Fathei; Mehri Shamshirei
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 33-42
Abstract
Background: One of the priorities of research in education is study about the causes of students failure during their academic work Objective: To investigate the causes of students academic failure and probation Methods: In this casecontrol study 761 volunteer students in Hamadan University of Medical ...
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Background: One of the priorities of research in education is study about the causes of students failure during their academic work Objective: To investigate the causes of students academic failure and probation Methods: In this casecontrol study 761 volunteer students in Hamadan University of Medical Sciences during fall and spring semesters of 20012002 were participated Students were divided into two groups Case group consisted of 43 students who had academic failure leading to their probation and control group consisted of 718 students who were successful in their study program Data collection was done by a questionnaire designed based on eight main factors in learning process including: method of teaching evaluation educational materials planning for the semester courses personal characteristics environmental problems academic environment and accessibility of academic advisors The questionnaire was used after reliability and validity evaluation Results: The percentage of academic probation was higher in boys (94%) compared to girls (43%) Among eight factors affecting learning process there was a significant difference (P= 0014) between the two groups in their mean score of opinions about the method of teaching (356 ± 116 in the case group vs 359± 098 in the control group) There was also significant difference between the two groups in regard to mean score of the personal characteristics (436 ± 126 in case group vs 476 ±108 in control group P= 0023) The obtained mean scores for method of teaching and personal characteristics of the students was significantly higher according to the students who had a score below 10 for at least 1 course Mean scores of method of teaching and environmental & educational problems were significantly higher according to the students who had a score between 1012 in at least one course (P
Original Article
Abbas-ali Nourian; Nouraddin Mousavinasab; Mojgan Vahhabi
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 43-50
Abstract
Background: Practical training of medical students is not limited to only hospitals Outpatient departments and ambulatory care centers attending a greater number of patients can provide students with more exposure to a variety of medical cases Moreover communityoriented medical education centre ...
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Background: Practical training of medical students is not limited to only hospitals Outpatient departments and ambulatory care centers attending a greater number of patients can provide students with more exposure to a variety of medical cases Moreover communityoriented medical education centre where more patients come for consultation is a suitable centre for training medical students Although awareness toward the importance of communityoriented medical education is increasing and medical faculties have already adopted this approach for their training this idea does not appear to be accepted fully in all of schools Objective: To find the attitude of Zanjan Medical students and teachers towards education and facilities in COME centre in 20042005 Methods: In this descriptive study two separate questionnaires for teachers and students were designed to assess their attitudes towards the method of education number of patients situation of centre and the quality of education in the Communityoriented Medical Education centers The questionnaires were filled out by 136 interns and externs who had been trained in COME centre and 14 teachers in Zanjan Medical University Validity of questionnaires had been confirmed and internal consistency reliability had been determined by Cronbachs alpha coefficient (079) Results: In whole 669% of the students and 538% of the teachers were interested in attending COME program and most of them believed that COME is necessary for medical education The percentage of interns who agreed with this center was more than externs In regard to the teachers educational method the highest satisfaction rate (832%) was obtained for teachers in the pediatrics ward (p=00005) In regard to the number and variety of patients pediatrics ward (with respectively 717% and 656%) was the best and internal ward (with respectively 207% and 215%) was the worst ward according to the students The overall satisfaction rate was 519 ± 125 in students and interns had a more positive attitude comparing to others Discussion: It seems that using more experienced teachers continuous supervision and evaluation of educational activities establishing proper research facilities and financial support of COME centers are necessary for improving communityoriented medical education
Original Article
Ashraf Soltani Khabisi; Mansooreh Azizzadeh forozi; Aliakbar Haghdoost; Sekineh Mohammad Alizadeh
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 51-57
Abstract
Background: Training Patients is one of the fundamental principles of nursing profession Nurses have to do this training task in order to provide patients satisfaction speed up patients recovery and reduce rate of readmission Objective: To determine training performance of nurses working in Kerman University ...
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Background: Training Patients is one of the fundamental principles of nursing profession Nurses have to do this training task in order to provide patients satisfaction speed up patients recovery and reduce rate of readmission Objective: To determine training performance of nurses working in Kerman University of Medical Sciences from the point of view patients discharging from Medical – Surgical wards in 2006 Methods: In this descriptive analytic study the sample size base on a pilot study was determined 396 patients and subjects were selected consecutivly A researcher – made questionnaire was used to collect data The questionnaire included two parts of demographic features and evaluating training performance of nurses in 6 domains Data were analyzed by using central and distributional indices and Mann – Withny U kruskal Wallis Freedman tests and Spearman coefficient correlation Results: According to the results the majority of samples were males (62/1%) married (66/4) over 50 years of age (30/55%) illiterate (3055%) and with no history of previous hospitalization (40/7%) In regard to the performance of nurses in training patients the results showed that in the domains of disease nature 19% disease complications 23% medicines 43% physical activity 3207% nutrition 428% and other items 413% had received complete or relative training considering nurses total training performance score based on demographic features of patients significant differences were observed in terms of sex hospital and educational level ) P < 0/05) That is nurses training performance score was higher from the point of view of female patients patients with higher educational levels and patients in hospital C comparing to male patients patients with lower educational levels and patients in hospitals other than hospital C Conclusion : The obtained percentages for nurses performance in training patients show their poor performance in this regard Therefore improving nurses knowledge about the importance of training patients is highly recommended
Original Article
Mohsen Shams; Arash Rashidian
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, Pages 58-68
Abstract
Background: The aim of continuous medical education is to improve physicians performance Unfortunately most of the efforts which have been done in recent years for achieving this goal have been ineffective Using ineffective educational methods and techniques are probably the major cause of this deficiency ...
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Background: The aim of continuous medical education is to improve physicians performance Unfortunately most of the efforts which have been done in recent years for achieving this goal have been ineffective Using ineffective educational methods and techniques are probably the major cause of this deficiency Consumerbased models such as social marketing model can be used efficiently in the field of medical education Social marketing is “the use of commercial marketing concepts and tools in programs designed to influence individuals behavior to improve their well being and that of the society” In this paper the main concepts and principles of social marketing model have been explained Consumer analysis market analysis and channel analysis are the main concepts of social marketing that can be used in the field of continuous medical education Conclusion: Although planning educational programs based on the mentioned principles seems to impose more expenses it increases the probability of success and can affect physicians behavior more than other applied programs
