Original Article
Amin Beigzadeh; Shahnaz Kohan; Nikoo Yamani; Habibolah Rezaei
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 220-234
Abstract
Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using ...
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Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using social networks in universities the present study was conducted with the purpose to explore graduate students perspectives regarding the use of social networks in education Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis method The participants were selected using purposive sampling (n = 13) Data were gathered through semistructured interviews recorded on audiotapes transcribed and then analyzed MaxQdata software was used for data analysis Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 476 codes 59 subcodes 11 subcategories and 4 main categories The main categories included the advantages of social networks (3 subcategories) disadvantages of social networks (2 subcategories) required infrastructures for using social networks in education (3 subcategories) and the capabilities of social networks in education (3 subcategories) Conclusion: This study revealed the advantages disadvantages and the applications of social networks in education Due to the importance of social networks in education we suggest that by providing the required infrastructures such as high speed internet educational protocols and etcetera the uses of social networks in education be improved so that students can better use these networks in education
Original Article
Parvin Mangolian Shahrbabaki; Jamileh Farokhzadian; Esmat Nouhi
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 235-245
Abstract
Background & Objective: In recent years evidencebased care has been recognized as one of the essential competencies of nursing graduates Since senior nursing students are on the verge of graduating studying factors affective on the use of evidencebased care in their professional future and emphasis ...
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Background & Objective: In recent years evidencebased care has been recognized as one of the essential competencies of nursing graduates Since senior nursing students are on the verge of graduating studying factors affective on the use of evidencebased care in their professional future and emphasis on educational programming to strengthen this competency are necessary This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge and performance of senior nursing students regarding evidencebased care Methods: The present descriptiveanalytical study was conducted on 43 senior nursing students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran in 2015 Data were collected using the Persian version of the Nursing Students Knowledge and Performance about EvidenceBased Practice Questionnaire Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (percentage mean and standard deviation) and analytical statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient ANOVA) in SPSS software Results: The results indicated that the majority of students (535%) had sufficient knowledge of evidencebased care The total mean score of knowledge of the students was 1225 ± 334 while the majority of students (512%) showed poor performance The total mean score of performance of the students was 1728 ± 785 There was a direct correlation between knowledge and performance of the students (r < 056) Conclusion: There is gap between the knowledge and performance of students regarding evidencebased care; despite their sufficient knowledge on evidencebased care their performance was poor It is suggested that a suitable milieu for promoting evidencebased care is provided and theory and practice are linked through suitable planning a review of the curriculum and creating an appropriate educational environment for nursing students as future nurses
Original Article
Hakimeh Hazrati; Vahedeh Zaregavgani; Mortaza Ghojazadeh; Leila Vahedi
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 246-254
Abstract
Background & Objective: The main prospect of medical education is improving the quality of health care provided by clinicians The quality and timing of services is related to medical education that can train researchers to solve the problems of the changing requirements of society Problembased learning ...
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Background & Objective: The main prospect of medical education is improving the quality of health care provided by clinicians The quality and timing of services is related to medical education that can train researchers to solve the problems of the changing requirements of society Problembased learning (PBL) as a studentcentered learning approach can provide the context for such medical education The aim of present study was to obtain appropriate information about the effective use of PBL in Iranian medical education from available studies through a systematic review Methods: In the present study 16 studies on the effect of PBL on learning satisfaction and efficacy of medical education were reviewed This systematic review was performed by searching the Google Scholar PubMed Magiran Iran Medex and SID databases using the keywords problembased learning medical education and Iran We included studies that were published from 2003 to 2015 in Iran The results of all studies were reviewed by two researchers using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) and the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklists Results: From among the 130 selected articles 16 studies were included in the study The level of satisfaction with this type of training was reported as high The students performance was satisfactory with this educational method This method of training had a significant effect on the increasing of student learning particularly in the clinical and practical fields and strengthening of active learning selfdirection motivation and critical thinking Conclusion: According to the results of this study PBL can be used as an effective educational method for medical education in Iran
Original Article
Farnaz Limouei; Hossein Limouei; Omid Ali Hoseinzadeh; Bahram Asl-Fattahi; Parviz Karimi-Sani; Kavous Shahsavarinia
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 255-267
Abstract
Background & Objective: Anatomy is the basis of medical education and is conducted by the dissection of the cadaver The cadaver is a book which can provide great educational grounds for medical and paramedical students However cadaver shortage is one of the most important problems of medical schools ...
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Background & Objective: Anatomy is the basis of medical education and is conducted by the dissection of the cadaver The cadaver is a book which can provide great educational grounds for medical and paramedical students However cadaver shortage is one of the most important problems of medical schools in Iran; a subject that despite high levels of theoretical training of the anatomy has created problems for the practical training of this science Methods: In this study scientific references articles and reports have been analyzed to determine the role of cadaver donation and its obstacles and the effect of bequeathment in the elimination of these obstacles Results: Findings have shown that experiences gained through dissecting cadaver are better and more effective than knowledge obtained from books or models For more effective education cadavers are constantly required Cadaver shortage has been the topic of discussions and complaints of anatomy professors and medical students for consecutive years Providing cadavers or dissection is a complicated subject which requires cultural training The provision of unidentified cadavers by morgues can result in both remuneration for the deceased and steps towards the acquiring of knowledge Conclusion: The field of anatomy can only survive through cadaver donation Cadaver donation is an actual and effective way to support medical development and facilitate life of future generations Legal religious and cultural obstacles impede cadaver bequest The elimination of these obstacles is possible through the establishment of cadaver donation institutes cultural promotion and creation of motive and awareness in the society
Original Article
Eisa Asgari; Naser Nastiezaie; Abdolvahab Poorgaz
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 268-280
Abstract
Background & Objective: Achievement motivation and selfdirected learning can be affected by various factors including classroom management styles This study aimed to investigate the relationship between classroom management styles and achievement motivation and selfdirected learning in graduate students ...
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Background & Objective: Achievement motivation and selfdirected learning can be affected by various factors including classroom management styles This study aimed to investigate the relationship between classroom management styles and achievement motivation and selfdirected learning in graduate students of the University of Sistan and Baluchistan Iran Methods: This descriptivecorrelation study was conducted through regression analysis From among all graduate students of the University of Sistan and Baluchestan 323 students were selected and studied in October 2015 The study tools consisted of Martin and Baldwins Class Management Styles Questionnaire (1998) Fishers Selfdirected Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS) (2001) and Hermans Achievement Motivation Scale (1977) To analyze the data Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous multiple regression analysis were used in SPSS software Results: Mean score of the noninterventionist interactionist interventionist achievement motivation and selfdirected learning styles were 273 ± 0517 277 ± 0527 286 ± 0435 274 ± 0406 and 328 ± 0311 respectively The correlation coefficients of the noninterventionist style with achievement motivation and selfdirected learning were respectively 0077 and 0035 (P > 005) The correlation coefficients of the interactionist style with achievement motivation and selfdirected learning were respectively 0644 and 0591 (P < 001) The correlation coefficients of the noninterventionist style with achievement motivation and selfdirected learning were 0436 and 0408 (P < 001) respectively According to the results of regression analysis interactionist and interventionist styles explained 564% of the variance in achievement motivation and 48% of the variance in selfdirected learning (P < 001) Conclusion: Achievement motivation and selfdirected learning in students increased with the use of the interactive classroom management style and reduced with the use of the interventionist classroom management style
Original Article
Zeinab Javadi; Aliakbar Heidari; Ali Shoeibia; Maliheh Dadgar-Moghadam
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 281-287
Abstract
Background & Objective: According to the regulations for residents promotion exam fifty percent of score (150 scores) is measured via internal academic evaluation; from which thirty scores are measured using logbook software Considering the importance of this method in the evaluation of residents ...
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Background & Objective: According to the regulations for residents promotion exam fifty percent of score (150 scores) is measured via internal academic evaluation; from which thirty scores are measured using logbook software Considering the importance of this method in the evaluation of residents this research investigated the relationship between the residents educational and practical activities measured via logbook method and their success in promotion exam Methods: In this descriptiveanalytical research the study population consisted of 730 residents who participated in the promotion exam Using the stratified sampling method and according to Krejcie and Morgan table 244 residents were selected Then the score of each divided educational activity (theoretical class morning report practical skills infirmary clinical rounds journal club and educational conference) was measured separately for each resident and its relationship with the promotion exam score was investigated The data were analyzed using SPSS Software Results: The correlation coefficients of the score of promotion exam and educational activities were calculated for theoretical class (r = 052; P = 0049) morning report (r = 020; P = 0719) practical skills (r = 028; P = 0060) infirmary (r = 009; P = 0144) clinical rounds (r = 004; P > 0999) journal club (r = 0047; P = 0460) and educational conference (r = 019; P = 0100) The used method only described 28 percent of the promotion exam scores Conclusion: Only the theoretical class had significant relationship with residents success in promotion exam It seems that either the promotion exam is not based on the educational activities or the educational activities are only theoretical and far of the clinical skills
Original Article
Abdollah Mousavi-Ouri
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 288-297
Abstract
Background & Objective: Focus group discussions are a way to solve problems in nursing A great extent of information on the specific issues and problems of nursing can be obtained through the activity of members in this method The aim of this study was to review studies conducted using this method ...
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Background & Objective: Focus group discussions are a way to solve problems in nursing A great extent of information on the specific issues and problems of nursing can be obtained through the activity of members in this method The aim of this study was to review studies conducted using this method as a problem solving method in nursing Methods: This study was a descriptive review on the objectives processes and applications of focus group discussion regarding problem solving in nursing The databases of Iranmedex Magiran SID Scopus ScienceDirect Elsevier Google Scholar and PubMed were searched using the keyword of focus group group interviews nursing and focus group discussion for publication in the years 19982015 Results: A focus group is a semistructured group session which is moderated by a group leader and held in an informal setting to collect information about a designated topic A focus group discussion is an interview with emphasis on interaction between the participants and the data generated is very difficult to achieve through individual interviews or participant observation The main components of a focus group include a skilled moderator appropriately selected participants appropriate place and time and correct implementation of the process Tape recording and verbatim transcription along with field notes are the usual methods of documenting data in focus groups Conclusion: Focus group discussion consists of a series of carefully planned discussions designed to obtain perceptions on a defined area of interest in a permissive nonthreatening environment Costeffectiveness flexibility and stimulating are some of the features of focus group discussions which can generate very useful information
Original Article
Hadi Khoshab; Seyed Hamid Seyed-Bagheri; Sekineh Sabzevari; Esmat Nouhi
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 298-306
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of traditional and mannequinbased simulation teaching ...
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Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of traditional and mannequinbased simulation teaching of CPR on knowledge and practice of emergency medicine students Methods: This experimental study was conducted using intervention and control groups and pretest and posttest The students were randomly divided into two groups of 15 individuals In the experimental group the students were trained through mannequinbased stimulation In the control group traditional CPR training method was used The scientific knowledge and skills of the participants were assessed in three stages of before the study at the end of the semester and 4 months after the intervention using a researchermade questionnaire and checklist The collected data were analyzed using ttest and repeated measurement test Results: The results showed no significant difference between the mean and standard deviation of the theory test and practical skill assessment in the control and intervention group before the study (P > 005) At the end of the semester the scores of the control group were respectively1486 ± 192 and 2253 ± 184 and of the intervention group were respectively 1480 ± 169 and 3480 ± 505 There was only a significant difference between the two groups in the practical test score (P = 0001) Four months after the intervention scores of the control group were 1033 ± 326 and 194 ± 213 and of the intervention group were 1186 ± 188 and 3480 ± 505 respectively Yet again only the practical test score showed significant difference between two groups (P = 0001) Conclusion: Based on the results of the study it is suggested that the mannequinbased stimulation method of teaching be used for training emergency medicine students
Brief report
Behnaz Hatef; Zahra Mohamadi; Nejleh Rajabi; Ehsan Saburi
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 307-314
Abstract
Background & Objective: Due to the disadvantages of teaching through lectures the need for their replacement with active and collaborative learning methods is strongly felt Students of public health due to employment in the health network have an important role in screening for genetic disorders ...
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Background & Objective: Due to the disadvantages of teaching through lectures the need for their replacement with active and collaborative learning methods is strongly felt Students of public health due to employment in the health network have an important role in screening for genetic disorders This study aimed to change teaching methods to increase retention of practical contents in the minds of undergraduate students of public health after graduation Methods: This quasiexperimental study was conducted on 20 public health students of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences Iran The course of hereditary diseases and genetic counseling was taught with a new method that combines traditional and modern (the use of blogs PowerPoint discussion in small groups on clinical issues and developmental quizzes) teaching methods A year after the final exam an exam and survey were held The results of the survey and students grades were analyzed using paired ttest in SPSS software Results: Average scores of the final exam and 1year reexamination were 1725 and 1110 respectively and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0004) However the students stated that they remembered more than 86% of the topics covered in class to some extent Among the students 45% and 14% believed this to be due to developmental quizzes and problembased learning respectively No significant difference was observed in the components of students satisfaction from teaching between the two mentioned time periods (P = 0196) Conclusion: Continuous developmental quizzes due to repetition of course content at short intervals and problembased learning in small groups due to promoting dynamism of mind and increasing motivation to remember because of participation in debates cause the students to remember more and for a longer period
Letter to editor
رضا دهنویه; مسعود فردوسی; حسین ایراهیمی پور; سمیه نوری حکمت
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, Pages 315-317
Abstract
یکی از الزامات مورد تأکید نقشه جامع علمی سلامت کشور و بسته های تحول و نوآوری در آموزش علوم پزشکی کشور، تلاش در جهت حمایت و استفاده از ظرفیتهای نخبگان دانشجو می باشد طی ...
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یکی از الزامات مورد تأکید نقشه جامع علمی سلامت کشور و بسته های تحول و نوآوری در آموزش علوم پزشکی کشور، تلاش در جهت حمایت و استفاده از ظرفیتهای نخبگان دانشجو می باشد طی سالهای اخیر برگزاری المپیادهای علمی دانشجویان در سطح دانشگاههای علوم پزشکی بستر مناسبی را برای گردهم آمدن این جمع فراهم آورده است در اینکه تا چه حد در این بزرگترین رویداد علمی در سطح دانشجویی امکان تقویت و استفاده از توانمندی های این دانشجویان نخبه ایجاد گردیده و چقدر نظام سلامت از مزایای چنین رویدادی بهره مند شده است، جای سئوال وجود دارد
