Original Article
Esmat Noohi; Ali Akbar Haghdoost; Afsaneh Mohammadi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 442-449
Abstract
Background & Objective: Learning environment should be opportunities for positive change in students attitude to encourage them and create more interest leading to sustainable learning To make constructive changes having information on the current status and about students attitudes toward their ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Learning environment should be opportunities for positive change in students attitude to encourage them and create more interest leading to sustainable learning To make constructive changes having information on the current status and about students attitudes toward their discipline is essential This study was designed to assess the medical and dental students attitude toward their study field (learning environment practicability attraction social rank and future employment) before and after experiencing clinical practice in Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This crosssectional analytic study was conducted in 2012 The study population were 95 medical and dental students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences as census of students A researchermade questionnaire was designed consisting 33 questions in five areas of the components of medical education and health care (education environment applicability of the course the attractiveness of the field career and social status) Data were analyzed using paired t ANOVA and MannWhitney U tests via SPSS software Results: There were significant differences between the medical students attitude toward educational environment and practicability of the field before and after experiencing clinical practice but there was no significant difference between their attitude toward attraction future employment and social rank of the field On the other hand there were significant differences between dental students attitudes toward educational environment and future employment before and after experiencing clinical practice but there was no significant difference between their attitudes toward practicability attraction and social rank of the field In addition there was no significant difference between the two groups based on gender and age Conclusion: The results showed significant differences only in three educational components between two groups of students According to obtained data short and longtime plans could be designed for increasing the efficiency of education improving educational structure and obtaining welfare and economical possibilities for students
Original Article
Esmat Noohi; Leila Ghorbani-Gharani; Abbas Abbaszadeh
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 450-471
Abstract
Background & Objective: In order to achieve more success in the Bachelor of Science in the discipline of nursing education in Iran and identify its weaknesses and strengths comparative studies and utilization of successful universities strategies and experiences are necessary The present research ...
Read More
Background & Objective: In order to achieve more success in the Bachelor of Science in the discipline of nursing education in Iran and identify its weaknesses and strengths comparative studies and utilization of successful universities strategies and experiences are necessary The present research compares the curricula of undergraduate nursing education in Iran and 8 selected universities from America Europe Australia and Asia The universities were compared in terms of student selection methods mission and objective general structure program length educational content teaching and learning methods educational strategies role of graduates and evaluation methodologies Methods: This was a descriptivecomparative study In the present study 8 renowned and innovative nursing schools were selected through purposeful sampling method The important components and indices of nursing curricula of the 8 nursing schools in America Europe Australia and Asia were analyzed Then each studied item was compared between the selected nursing schools and nursing schools of Iran Practical suggestions were made to improve the quality of the nursing curriculum in Iran in terms of improvement of each studied item The research model used in this study was the Beredy model that identified the 4 stages of description interpretation proximity and comparison in comparative studies Results: The general objectives and educational contents in all curricula of the examined nursing schools were to some extent similar However the establishment and development of the contents and the method extent and type of addressing them were different These differences created different contents Moreover despite the many similarities in training and evaluation techniques many differences depending on the level and purpose of the program were observed Conclusion: It seems that although the nursing curriculum in Iran does not hold a dissatisfactory position in comparison with the other studied curricula in order to resolve the flaws items like goals selection student selection methods research teaching and evaluation (theory and performance) methodologies need to be reviewed and revised
Original Article
Mahnaz Didehvar; Zahra Jalili; Iraj Zareban; Mahnaz Shahrakipour; Noor Mohammad Bakhshani
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 472-484
Abstract
Background & Objective: The phenomenon of occupational stress is an inevitable part of professional life that has negative effects on different areas of life The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of PRECEDE modelbased training on reduction of nurses occupational stress Methods: ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The phenomenon of occupational stress is an inevitable part of professional life that has negative effects on different areas of life The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of PRECEDE modelbased training on reduction of nurses occupational stress Methods: The present study was a quasiexperimental study on nurses First subjects with a medium to high stress level were chosen Then the nurses of Iran and KhatamOlAnbia hospitals Tehran Iran were randomly assigned as intervention (n = 40) and control (n = 41) groups Data gathering tools included the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS) to determine nurses occupational stress and PRECEDE Model Structures Questionnaire to provide educational intervention Training was carried out in two 4hour sessions in two consecutive days Subjects were monitored for 3 months Statistical analysis was performed before and 1 month and 3 months after training using SPSS software Descriptive statistical tests independent ttest repeated measures oneway ANOVA and Pearson correlation were used Results: Mean NSS score of the intervention group reduced from 11280 ± 1746 to 9315 ± 2879 after the training Moreover after training the variables of reinforcement enabler and manner showed a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 005) Conclusion: Results showed that the PRECEDE model for stress management education was effective in the reduction of nurses stress level
Original Article
Reza Kariminejad; Roshanak Vameghi; Kianoush Abdi; Enayatollah Bakhshi; Zeinab Mohammdzadeh
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 485-495
Abstract
Background & Objective: Clinical education courses are recognized as the heart of professional education because more than 50% of students time is spent in clinical environments Therefore qualifying in clinical skills requires an effective clinical learning environment Thus clinical education can ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Clinical education courses are recognized as the heart of professional education because more than 50% of students time is spent in clinical environments Therefore qualifying in clinical skills requires an effective clinical learning environment Thus clinical education can be enriched through the consideration of clinical educators and students perspectives The aim of this study was to compare the viewpoints of clinical educators and students of the University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences Tehran Iran toward the clinical education status of rehabilitation disciplines Methods: This study was a crosssectional study Based on the inclusion criteria and using convenience sampling method 54 clinical educators and 178 students were chosen from among clinical educators and students of orthopedics physiotherapy occupational therapy and speech therapy disciplines The participants completed valid and reliable clinical education questionnaires in the field of rehabilitation Results: A statistical difference was observed between clinical educators and students viewpoints in the area of “clinical learners” With regard to the academic degrees of clinical educators there was a statistically significant difference in the “evaluation area” With regard to the gender of clinical educators differences were observed in the area of “clinical learners” According to students academic disciplines with the exception of the field of “management” statistical differences were observed in other areas Conclusion: Clinical education courses in Rehabilitation Sciences must provide an effective clinical learning setting Moreover reviewing of management and evaluation of clinical education through appropriate evaluation criteria in order to improve the clinical education status is necessary
Original Article
Mahni Rahkar-Farshi; Mahnaz Jabraeili; Maryam Vahidi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 496-503
Abstract
Background & Objective: The professional socialization process of the field of nursing begins with entry into nursing education programs and continues with the completion of nursing education and entry into the work environment In order to improve this process its reinforcing factors must be identified ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The professional socialization process of the field of nursing begins with entry into nursing education programs and continues with the completion of nursing education and entry into the work environment In order to improve this process its reinforcing factors must be identified Therefore this study was conducted to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and professional socialization of nursing students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: In this correlational study after calculating the sample size all nursing students of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in their 6th 7th and 8th semesters were studied Data collection tools consisted of demographic characteristics questionnaire Toits Professional Socialization Scale and Shiring/Siberia Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire All data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and analytical statistics Results: The professional socialization and emotional intelligence of nursing students was above average level Total emotional intelligence and its subscales had no significant correlation with students professional socialization score However professional socialization had significant correlation with gender grade point average of previous semesters and hope for future career Conclusion: It seems that the professional socialization of nursing students is impacted by learning in cognitive and psychomotor domains more than by their emotional intelligence However considering the importance of the emotional domain in comprehensive and humane care emotional intelligence skills training seems necessary for students
Original Article
Maryam Yavari; Behshid Garrusi; Hossein Safizadeh; Abbas Abbaszadeh
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 504-511
Abstract
Background & Objective: The psychosocial climate of the classroom is a general concept for describing explaining and exposing the specific features of a class and has significant effects on students academic achievement This study was conducted for the first time in Iran It was performed to ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The psychosocial climate of the classroom is a general concept for describing explaining and exposing the specific features of a class and has significant effects on students academic achievement This study was conducted for the first time in Iran It was performed to evaluate the relationship between the psychosocial climate of the classroom and academic achievement based on the views of faculty members and PhD students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: The present study was performed using the census method It was conducted on 222 medicine dentistry and pharmacology students and 21 faculty members of Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2013 using the psychosocial climate of class questionnaire Data were collected at the end of the second trimester when students received their academic records Data were analyzed using SPSS software independent and paired ttest ANOVA central and diffusion indicators and the Pierson correlation Results: Comparison of faculty members expectation score (3180 ± 477) and perception score (2920 ± 460) showed a significant difference (P < 0050) Based on ANOVA results faculty members expectation level was higher than their perception Comparison of the score of students expectation from (2903 ± 437) and perception of (24433 ± 510) the classroom climate showed a significant difference Expectation level was higher than perception level (P < 0001) There is a negative correlation between students average level and their perception level (P = 0042) Conclusion: The data indicated that there is a significant relationship between students and faculty members level of expectation and perception of psychosocial climate of the classroom The identification and development of conceptual models particularly an experimental model of academic performance based on cognitive features can be helpful in the improvement of the psychosocial climate of the classroom which results in students academic achievement
Original Article
Elham Azmoudeh; Hossein Karimi Moonaghi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 512-524
Abstract
Background & Objective: Due to the increasing development of knowledge and constant encountering of new dimensions of modern treatmentcare procedures the ability to use selfdirected learning methods is considered as an important professional competency for midwifery students Thus evaluation of factors ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Due to the increasing development of knowledge and constant encountering of new dimensions of modern treatmentcare procedures the ability to use selfdirected learning methods is considered as an important professional competency for midwifery students Thus evaluation of factors effective on the selfdirected learning procedure is of grave importance The aim of this study was to determine the readiness of midwifery students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Iran for selfdirected learning and identify its effective factors Methods: In this descriptive analytical study 170 undergraduate and masters students in midwifery and PhD students in reproductive health participated Data gathering instruments included Fishers SelfDirected Learning Readiness Scale (SDLRS) and the Effective Factors on SelfDirected Learning Inventory Data were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistical methods Results: The mean age of the participants was 2403 ± 571 years In addition 707% of students had high scores in SDLRS There were significant differences in students SDLRS scores based on educational degree age degree of interest in the educational field marital status and occupation (P < 005) Conclusion: The results showed that individuals at risk of low selfdirected learning capability can be identified based on degree of interest in their educational field age marital status and occupation
Original Article
Alireza Vakilian; Farhad Iranmanesh; Mohammad Ali Shafa; Amir Moghadam-Ahmadi; Fariba Maleki-Rad
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 525-536
Abstract
Background & Objective: Regarding the significance of neurological diseases training general practitioners has a key role and they should be welltrained in diagnose and approaching different diseases in this field We focused on educational needs assessment for general practitioners in the field of ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Regarding the significance of neurological diseases training general practitioners has a key role and they should be welltrained in diagnose and approaching different diseases in this field We focused on educational needs assessment for general practitioners in the field of neurological diseases Methods: All the general practitioners practicing in the regulatory zone of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences Iran (urban and rural areas) who agreed to participate were entered the study 104 participants of the total of 170 general practitioners in this area completed a researchermade questionnaire and mailed us The questionnaire encompassed 54 neurological diseases four paraclinical tests and 9 approaches for neurological signs and symptoms as well as their practical framework satisfaction from their education and demographic and educational items Results: In 479% of cases educational expectations were at the level of screening and refer in that 314% at the level of diagnosis and treatment and in 188% at the level of acquaintance and describing The remainders (188%) were the cases with no need to know and unfamiliar ones Statistically screening and refer just the diagnosis and the treatment were the mentioned educational expectations respectively Most of general practitioners were not fully satisfied from their externship and internship educational programs Conclusion: This study in a more systematic way outlines the general practitioners points of view and their tendency to intervene in the procedure of neurological managements which can also be of great use to any further modifications in medical training curricula Absence of perfect satisfaction about educational programs shows us that we should change our educational methods to more practical and clinical forms
Brief report
Mahboubeh Vatan-Parast; Zahra Royani; Hossein Ghasemi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 537-544
Abstract
Background & Objective: Today the concept of virtual education has gained much attention as distance learning and has provided learning opportunities outside the borders of a country or state for everyone The consideration of the success of virtual training is impossible without the consideration ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Today the concept of virtual education has gained much attention as distance learning and has provided learning opportunities outside the borders of a country or state for everyone The consideration of the success of virtual training is impossible without the consideration of individuals viewpoints toward it Despite this fact less attention has been paid to students attitudes in the published studies This study investigates the students attitudes toward virtual education and its relationship with learning styles Methods: In this correlationdescriptive study 114 bachelors and masters students of Razi School of Nursing and Midwifery of Kerman Iran in 2013 were selected based on census sampling method Data were collected using demographic questionnaire the researchermade questionnaire of attitude toward virtual learning and the Gaziano Learning Styles Questionnaire Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard error) independent ttest ANOVA Pearson correlation and linear regression in SPSS software All Pvalues of ;le 005 were considered significant Results: The mean score of nursing students attitude toward virtual learning was 330 ± 034 The highest frequency among learning styles used by students was related to visual (50%) auditory (272%) and kinetic styles (228%) In the regression analysis visual style (P = 0009 ;beta = 027) and auditory style (P = 0008 ;beta = 017) had a significant relationship with attitudes of nursing students toward virtual education Conclusion: Students had positive attitudes toward virtual learning Moreover attitudes toward virtual education differed among people with different learning styles Therefore the consideration of individual needs and different learning styles of learners is essential in virtual education
Brief report
Zahra Rashki-Ghalehnoo; Dariush Saadati; Omid Tadjrobehkar
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 545-549
Abstract
Background & Objective: There are different views toward the efficacy of different methods of practical training Each method has advantages and disadvantages in terms of its effect on learning cost speed and simplicity This study was performed with the aim to compare the effect of practical microbiology ...
Read More
Background & Objective: There are different views toward the efficacy of different methods of practical training Each method has advantages and disadvantages in terms of its effect on learning cost speed and simplicity This study was performed with the aim to compare the effect of practical microbiology course through traditional and continuous methods of training on practical skills learning academic achievements and satisfaction among pharmacy students of Zabol University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This experimental study was performed on 79 2nd semester pharmacy students The participants were randomly allocated to two groups with equal mean IQ score using Raven IQ test The traditional and continuous methods of training were randomly applied to the two groups Mean final exam scores of the two groups based on station exam final reports and written tests were calculated and compared using Students ttest We also assessed the satisfaction of students with regard to the training methods using a relevant questionnaire Results: Mean scores of the station (468) and written (843) exams obtained using continuous method were significantly higher than that using the traditional method (417 and 751 respectively) Moreover students were more satisfied with the continuous method than the traditional method Conclusion: The continuous method of training had greater impact on learning of practical skills than the traditional method Thus the application of this method in other medical universities in order to provide a suitable setting for further learning is recommended
Brief report
Horieh Moosavi; Hasan Hoseinpour; Maryam Amirchaghmaghi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 550-558
Abstract
Background & Objective: Although residency courses in Iran have witnessed positive developments there are still some challenges necessitating further evaluations of these courses Therefore the aim of the present study was to identify the current problems and offer solutions for the obstacles to the ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Although residency courses in Iran have witnessed positive developments there are still some challenges necessitating further evaluations of these courses Therefore the aim of the present study was to identify the current problems and offer solutions for the obstacles to the related sciences course Methods: The current qualitative study was carried out in the School Dentistry of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 20132014 with a focus on content analysis The participants consisted of postgraduate students selected using purposeful sampling technique Data were collected through observation and interviews and then coded and assigned to predetermined categories Results: Data gave rise to the emergence of several concepts that can be used to depict the learning and teaching experiences of the related sciences course by postgraduate dental students These concepts included the nature of interdisciplinary clinical learning interdisciplinary education and exchange of ideas group discussions and familiarity with new therapeutic modalities being a member of the dental team team work spirit stress and anxiety resulting from the program suitable tutorstudent relationship differences in interdisciplinary backgrounds and learning sources conversions of potential abilities to full capabilities interesting aspects of clinical experience along with theoretical knowledge contradictions and similarities between practical activities and learning and dependence Conclusion: Although the duration of each residency course appears to be sufficient it is of great importance to establish more communication between different dental specialties from theoretical and practical aspects to make the dental specialty course graduates more efficient
Letter to editor
Shahla Shahbazi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 559-560
Letter to editor
Mansoureh Taghavinia; Zohre Sohrabi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 561-563
Viewpoint
Amin Beigzadeh; Fariba Haghani
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, Pages 564-569
