Niloofar Shadman; Shahram Farzin Ebrahimi; Molook Torabi; Sina Safari; Sara Khaleghi; Marzieh Karimi-Afshar
Volume 13, Issue 6 , March 2017, , Pages 598-606
Abstract
Background & Objective: Restorative dentistry is a fundamental field in dentistry and students opinions about its education can be helpful in finding its deficiencies and solving them The aim of this study was to evaluate dentistry students attitudes toward restorative dentistry education and its ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Restorative dentistry is a fundamental field in dentistry and students opinions about its education can be helpful in finding its deficiencies and solving them The aim of this study was to evaluate dentistry students attitudes toward restorative dentistry education and its facilities and physical environment Methods: This descriptive crosssectional study was performed on fourth fifth and sixth year students of the School of Dentistry of Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran The data collection tool was a twopart questionnaire consisting of demographic characteristics form and 38 questions about environment facilities and educational and exam methods and 1 open question scored based on a Likert scale (very appropriate to inappropriate) Data were analyzes using ttest ANOVA and linear regression in SPSS software The significant level was considered as 005 in all tests Results: Among the 110 participates 618% were women and 382% were men The average attitude score (from 26 to 130) was 8486 ± 1130 Overall attitude score was not significantly different between genders academic years and different restorative scores However in the education field the fifth and sixth year students had significantly higher attitude scores than the fourth year students Conclusion: Satisfaction with the clinical and theoretical education of restorative dentistry in the School of Dentistry of Kerman University of Medical Sciences is acceptable but its physical environment and facilities must be improved
Negin Niksadat; Mahnaz Solhi; Zahra Jalili; Shayesteh Shirzadi; Mohsen Mohammadi; Mahmod Reza Gohari
Volume 13, Issue 4 , November 2016, , Pages 375-383
Abstract
Background & Objective: Selfmedication is one of the chief health problems and educational programs on its prevention are very important An educational program can be considered effective if it can make the necessary changes in participants knowledge and behavior The aim of this study was to evaluate ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Selfmedication is one of the chief health problems and educational programs on its prevention are very important An educational program can be considered effective if it can make the necessary changes in participants knowledge and behavior The aim of this study was to evaluate the educational prevention program of selfmedication in women using the Kirkpatrick model Methods: This evaluation study was carried out on 88 women The cluster sampling method was used The data collection tools consisted of the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) and a researchermade questionnaire based on the Kirkpatrick model the validity and reliability of which were measured The experimental group attended the educational program for 1 month The effectiveness rate of the course was calculated based on significant differences in learning reaction and behavior scores of the case and control groups during the pretest and posttest The collected data were analyzed in SPSS statistical software using descriptive and analytical statistical tests Results: The mean scores of desirability rate of participants reactions in terms of students perception of learning environment students academic selfperception students social selfperception students perception of atmosphere and students perception of teachers were 4481 ± 706 3150 ± 411 2250 ± 354 4310 ± 746 and 4137 ± 520 respectively After the educational intervention ttest results showed a significant difference between the experimental and control groups in mean score of knowledge change and attitude change in the second evaluation level and also between mean score of behavior change in the third level (P < 0001) Conclusion: According to the Kirkpatrick model the educational prevention program of selfmedication resulted in favorable outcomes in the three evaluated levels of reaction learning and behavior and showed satisfactory efficiency
Elham Mazareie; Shahla Momeni Danaei; Sahar Hosseininezhad; Mahsa Nili
Volume 13, Issue 4 , November 2016, , Pages 395-402
Abstract
Background & Objective: Evaluation is a process that identifies and describes the effectiveness of all aspects of education The use of logbooks as an aid in education and assessment might provide the possibility for a more uniform training The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of logbook ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Evaluation is a process that identifies and describes the effectiveness of all aspects of education The use of logbooks as an aid in education and assessment might provide the possibility for a more uniform training The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of logbook on students perspective in each of the 10 departments of dental school Methods: In this crosssectional survey a questionnaire consisting of 16 standardized items each scored on a 5point Likert scale (0 to 4) was used From among the collected forms 50 completely filled questionnaires were entered into the study The validity of the questionnaire was approved by a group of 10 experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbachs α (094) Tukeys test and oneway ANOVA were used for data analysis Results: In all departments there was agreement between the students logbook scores and final grades In addition the ability to find learning weaknesses via logbooks had the lowest score whereas clear statement of learning objectives for each subject and requirement obtained the highest score Usefulness of written clinical procedures in logbooks had the highest score in the Departments of Endodontics Removable Prosthodontics Fixed Prosthodontics and Pediatrics Conclusion: The logbook is a practical and useful assessment tool for evaluating students and achieving learning objectives It clearly states the educational objectives and clarifies the minimum requirements for each department However there is a need for the mutual cooperation and commitment of both the students and educators which requires time and the better establishment of this method
Amin Beigzadeh; Shahnaz Kohan; Nikoo Yamani; Habibolah Rezaei
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, , Pages 220-234
Abstract
Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Social networks are new technologies that have emerged in the past decade and are dramatically used in various areas such as education This new social media has changed the lifestyle of individuals and their communication Due to this fact and the increasing trend towards using social networks in universities the present study was conducted with the purpose to explore graduate students perspectives regarding the use of social networks in education Methods: This study was conducted using qualitative content analysis method The participants were selected using purposive sampling (n = 13) Data were gathered through semistructured interviews recorded on audiotapes transcribed and then analyzed MaxQdata software was used for data analysis Results: Data analysis led to the extraction of 476 codes 59 subcodes 11 subcategories and 4 main categories The main categories included the advantages of social networks (3 subcategories) disadvantages of social networks (2 subcategories) required infrastructures for using social networks in education (3 subcategories) and the capabilities of social networks in education (3 subcategories) Conclusion: This study revealed the advantages disadvantages and the applications of social networks in education Due to the importance of social networks in education we suggest that by providing the required infrastructures such as high speed internet educational protocols and etcetera the uses of social networks in education be improved so that students can better use these networks in education
Hadi Khoshab; Seyed Hamid Seyed-Bagheri; Sekineh Sabzevari; Esmat Nouhi
Volume 13, Issue 3 , September 2016, , Pages 298-306
Abstract
Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of traditional and mannequinbased simulation teaching ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Nursing care in terms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) requires education that causes a better and deep learning of the science and practical skills The current study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effect of traditional and mannequinbased simulation teaching of CPR on knowledge and practice of emergency medicine students Methods: This experimental study was conducted using intervention and control groups and pretest and posttest The students were randomly divided into two groups of 15 individuals In the experimental group the students were trained through mannequinbased stimulation In the control group traditional CPR training method was used The scientific knowledge and skills of the participants were assessed in three stages of before the study at the end of the semester and 4 months after the intervention using a researchermade questionnaire and checklist The collected data were analyzed using ttest and repeated measurement test Results: The results showed no significant difference between the mean and standard deviation of the theory test and practical skill assessment in the control and intervention group before the study (P > 005) At the end of the semester the scores of the control group were respectively1486 ± 192 and 2253 ± 184 and of the intervention group were respectively 1480 ± 169 and 3480 ± 505 There was only a significant difference between the two groups in the practical test score (P = 0001) Four months after the intervention scores of the control group were 1033 ± 326 and 194 ± 213 and of the intervention group were 1186 ± 188 and 3480 ± 505 respectively Yet again only the practical test score showed significant difference between two groups (P = 0001) Conclusion: Based on the results of the study it is suggested that the mannequinbased stimulation method of teaching be used for training emergency medicine students
Soleiman Ahmady; Soleiman Ahmady; Mohammad Ali Hosseini; Seyed Mehran Homam; Arezo Farajpour; Mohammad Ghitaghi; Maryam Hosseini-Abardeh
Volume 13, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 114-132
Abstract
Background & Objective: Medical education is one of the most important challenges facing Iranian medical authorities Meanwhile Islamic Azad University as a nongovernmental authority for medical education has its own challenges and problems This study aimed to assess faculties perception to identify ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Medical education is one of the most important challenges facing Iranian medical authorities Meanwhile Islamic Azad University as a nongovernmental authority for medical education has its own challenges and problems This study aimed to assess faculties perception to identify the challenges in this area to improve the achievement of educational goals and the quality of health care Methods: In this qualitative study in 2014 the conventional content analysis was done for 10 semistructured interviews with the faculty member of Islamic Azad University with experience interest and authority in medical school After implementation of interviews reviews were done several times The open coding system was used to generate initial categories for analysis Results: Analysis of data obtained from interviews with participants resulted seven themes including the public system abandoned the university despite the general acceptance ignoring students positive and negative characteristics problems of clinical faculty challenges of research area challenges in clinical education problems related to the field of interaction with the Ministry of Health and Medical Education and improving strategies Each theme consisted of several subcategories and described the specific aspects of the challenges in this area Conclusion: It is expected that the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in the Stewardship of Health and Medical Education consider the clinical education in Islamic Azad universities in terms of planning and policymaking Islamic Azad University officials also should consider strategies within the organization
Ali Azarnoush; Shayesteh Salehi
Volume 13, Issue 2 , June 2016, , Pages 160-171
Abstract
Background & Objective: Efficient emergency call answering services are vital for the medical emergency services all around the world The provision of emergency services is based on ordering and prioritizing received calls In addition educating this kind of services has a prominent role in answer ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Efficient emergency call answering services are vital for the medical emergency services all around the world The provision of emergency services is based on ordering and prioritizing received calls In addition educating this kind of services has a prominent role in answer time and quality The aim of this study was to describe the experience of telephone triage nurses in 115 Emergency Call Center of the Emergency Medical Services and Disaster Management Center at Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This study was conducted in form of phenomenological qualitative study The sample was selected based on purposive sampling method including 5 nurses in emergency medical services at Kerman University of Medical Sciences with at least 5 years of experience in the 115 Emergency Call Center Data were collected using deep unstructured individual interviews The average time of each interview was 63 minutes and an electronic recorder was used to record the interviews The data were analyzed using Colaizzi method The collected data were reconsidered by the researcher in order to confirm their reliability Results: From the interviews 737 summarized concepts were extracted and formed 9 thematic categorizations Finally the 3 themes of “performing cultural and societal roles” “performing professional and organizational roles” and “performing personal roles” were obtained Experiences of nurses were stated in the form of a compact and continuum set between strengths opportunities weaknesses and threats Conclusion: The findings of the study can be summarized in two fundamental points First evaluation skills which are used in facetoface consultation cannot be transferred directly by telephone This shows that specific training on telephone consultation treatment evaluation and decisionmaking skills should be provided for triage nurses who work at such centers Second a greater degree of job satisfaction can be achieved among the emerging class of telephone triage nurses through allowing independent decisionmaking and decreasing decisionmaking errors by consistent telephone triage instructions and creating suitable educational methods in order to control experienced stresses These are points that must be considered by the Medical Emergency and Disaster Management Centre to promote occupational knowledge of nurses in 115 Emergency Call Center
Esmat Noohi; Ali Akbar Haghdoost; Afsaneh Mohammadi
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, , Pages 442-449
Abstract
Background & Objective: Learning environment should be opportunities for positive change in students attitude to encourage them and create more interest leading to sustainable learning To make constructive changes having information on the current status and about students attitudes toward their ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Learning environment should be opportunities for positive change in students attitude to encourage them and create more interest leading to sustainable learning To make constructive changes having information on the current status and about students attitudes toward their discipline is essential This study was designed to assess the medical and dental students attitude toward their study field (learning environment practicability attraction social rank and future employment) before and after experiencing clinical practice in Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This crosssectional analytic study was conducted in 2012 The study population were 95 medical and dental students of Kerman University of Medical Sciences as census of students A researchermade questionnaire was designed consisting 33 questions in five areas of the components of medical education and health care (education environment applicability of the course the attractiveness of the field career and social status) Data were analyzed using paired t ANOVA and MannWhitney U tests via SPSS software Results: There were significant differences between the medical students attitude toward educational environment and practicability of the field before and after experiencing clinical practice but there was no significant difference between their attitude toward attraction future employment and social rank of the field On the other hand there were significant differences between dental students attitudes toward educational environment and future employment before and after experiencing clinical practice but there was no significant difference between their attitudes toward practicability attraction and social rank of the field In addition there was no significant difference between the two groups based on gender and age Conclusion: The results showed significant differences only in three educational components between two groups of students According to obtained data short and longtime plans could be designed for increasing the efficiency of education improving educational structure and obtaining welfare and economical possibilities for students
Mahnaz Didehvar; Zahra Jalili; Iraj Zareban; Mahnaz Shahrakipour; Noor Mohammad Bakhshani
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, , Pages 472-484
Abstract
Background & Objective: The phenomenon of occupational stress is an inevitable part of professional life that has negative effects on different areas of life The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of PRECEDE modelbased training on reduction of nurses occupational stress Methods: ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The phenomenon of occupational stress is an inevitable part of professional life that has negative effects on different areas of life The purpose of this research was to identify the effects of PRECEDE modelbased training on reduction of nurses occupational stress Methods: The present study was a quasiexperimental study on nurses First subjects with a medium to high stress level were chosen Then the nurses of Iran and KhatamOlAnbia hospitals Tehran Iran were randomly assigned as intervention (n = 40) and control (n = 41) groups Data gathering tools included the Nursing Stress Scale (NSS) to determine nurses occupational stress and PRECEDE Model Structures Questionnaire to provide educational intervention Training was carried out in two 4hour sessions in two consecutive days Subjects were monitored for 3 months Statistical analysis was performed before and 1 month and 3 months after training using SPSS software Descriptive statistical tests independent ttest repeated measures oneway ANOVA and Pearson correlation were used Results: Mean NSS score of the intervention group reduced from 11280 ± 1746 to 9315 ± 2879 after the training Moreover after training the variables of reinforcement enabler and manner showed a significant increase in the intervention group compared to the control group (P < 005) Conclusion: Results showed that the PRECEDE model for stress management education was effective in the reduction of nurses stress level
Zahra Rashki-Ghalehnoo; Dariush Saadati; Omid Tadjrobehkar
Volume 12, Issue 3 , November 2015, , Pages 545-549
Abstract
Background & Objective: There are different views toward the efficacy of different methods of practical training Each method has advantages and disadvantages in terms of its effect on learning cost speed and simplicity This study was performed with the aim to compare the effect of practical microbiology ...
Read More
Background & Objective: There are different views toward the efficacy of different methods of practical training Each method has advantages and disadvantages in terms of its effect on learning cost speed and simplicity This study was performed with the aim to compare the effect of practical microbiology course through traditional and continuous methods of training on practical skills learning academic achievements and satisfaction among pharmacy students of Zabol University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This experimental study was performed on 79 2nd semester pharmacy students The participants were randomly allocated to two groups with equal mean IQ score using Raven IQ test The traditional and continuous methods of training were randomly applied to the two groups Mean final exam scores of the two groups based on station exam final reports and written tests were calculated and compared using Students ttest We also assessed the satisfaction of students with regard to the training methods using a relevant questionnaire Results: Mean scores of the station (468) and written (843) exams obtained using continuous method were significantly higher than that using the traditional method (417 and 751 respectively) Moreover students were more satisfied with the continuous method than the traditional method Conclusion: The continuous method of training had greater impact on learning of practical skills than the traditional method Thus the application of this method in other medical universities in order to provide a suitable setting for further learning is recommended
Hamed Mir; Hadi Parsian; Iman Jahanian; Ali Shabestani-Monfared; Ziba Shirkhani-Kelagari; Sohrab Halalkhor
Volume 12, Issue 1 , May 2015, , Pages 90-97
Abstract
Background & Objective: One method of evaluation with the intent to select and modify teaching methods in universities is the evaluation of students opinions Team teaching by faculty members is a routine method of education in universities The present study evaluated students satisfaction ...
Read More
Background & Objective: One method of evaluation with the intent to select and modify teaching methods in universities is the evaluation of students opinions Team teaching by faculty members is a routine method of education in universities The present study evaluated students satisfaction with team teaching in Babol University of Medical Sciences Iran during the first and second semesters of 20112012 Methods: In the present descriptive analytical study 461 students of Babol University of Medical Sciences who had experienced team teaching were randomly selected The participants completed a questionnaire the reliability and validity of which had been previously approved The questionnaire contained 19 questions based on the 5point Likert scale (very high high moderate low and very low) The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS software and compared using ttest and ANOVA Results: The results showed that 82% of students partly opposed and 04% of them absolutely approved the use of team teaching method The highest frequency of answers (569%) were assigned in the moderate level Nearly 345% of students approved the use of this method Students of dentistry and laboratory sciences showed the highest and lowest tendency toward this method respectively Higher year students showed less tendency toward team teaching method There were no significant differences between boys and girls answers in respect to this method Conclusion: It seems that Babol University of Medical Sciences students did not significantly oppose the use of team teaching method Nevertheless in order to correct the existing small problems it is essential to revise the implementation technique of this teaching method
Saeid Talebi; Saeid Mazlomian; Ahmad Reza Akbari; Afifeh Davodi
Volume 11, Issue 4 , February 2015, , Pages 471-484
Abstract
Background & Objective: The present study presents a model of effective factors in the intention to use information technology (IT) in teaching and learning among students of Payame Noor University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This was a crosssectional study performed using ...
Read More
Background & Objective: The present study presents a model of effective factors in the intention to use information technology (IT) in teaching and learning among students of Payame Noor University and Shiraz University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This was a crosssectional study performed using Krejcie and Morgan s (1970) formula and by considering unreturned questionnaires and eliminating incomplete questionnaires The 120 questionnaires from students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and 317 questionnaires from Payame Noor University of Fars province were analyzed using path analysis and AMOS software Results: The results show that the impact of perceived ease of use on students intention to use IT is higher in Payame Noor University students (0338) than Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (0204) The impact of perceived usefulness on intention to use IT was higher among Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (0280) than Payame Noor University students (0218) Moreover the impact of goal achievement on perceived ease of IT use was higher in Payame Noor University students (0356) than Shiraz University of Medical Sciences students (0255) No significant differences were observed between the students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences and Payame Noor University in other paths Conclusion: The data showed acceptable and favorable fitting with the model Based on the confirmed hypothesis the causal model presented in this study is an appropriate model for universities and other educational institutions that apply technologybased learning as an important strategy in their virtual courses
Maryam Okhovati; Mina Moradzadeh; Farzaneh Zolala
Volume 11, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 139-152
Abstract
Background & Objective: Recently a new technology ie Web 20 has emerged and it is increasingly used in education Wiki is one of the web 20 application which is used in Elearning Wiki is a simple easy editable interactive application that enhances learning so this study was conducted to investigate ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Recently a new technology ie Web 20 has emerged and it is increasingly used in education Wiki is one of the web 20 application which is used in Elearning Wiki is a simple easy editable interactive application that enhances learning so this study was conducted to investigate the effect of using wiki on learning information searching skills on medical students in Kerman University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: The study population included the medical students who have chosen the information technology (IT) course in the second semester in 2013 The course was held in four groups two groups were selected randomly One group was considered as test group teaching through wiki (wikispaces) The second one was the control group traditional teaching (lecture) We asked about students attitudes toward learning through a researchermade questionnaire Result: The most of the students (719%) have used at least one of the web 20 technologies and 219% used Wikis The mean scores of two groups increased and the difference between the mean scores was significant The mean and standard deviation of the students scores before and after training through Wiki enhanced from 280 ± 185 to 1285 ± 426 whereas it was 383 ± 430 to 1375 ± 325 in the traditional group (P < 0001) There was no significant association between two teaching methods (wiki and traditional) (P = 0560) and the improvement of both groups was almost equivalent but most of students (55%) preferred training by wiki Conclusion: Teaching through Wiki had a positive effect on learning Regarding Wiki capabilities it can be used as a supplement method for teaching
Soleiman Ahmadi; Fatemeh Javidan; Mohammad Sadegh Dehghan
Volume 11, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 205-213
Abstract
Background & Objective: In addition to teaching predesigned courses physicians are usually expected to participate directly in designing curriculum during their professional life Today traditional education systems are not sufficient for developing the expected competencies in physicians One ...
Read More
Background & Objective: In addition to teaching predesigned courses physicians are usually expected to participate directly in designing curriculum during their professional life Today traditional education systems are not sufficient for developing the expected competencies in physicians One of the applications of new advancements by cognitive sciences in curriculum design is the development of strategies for improving the quality of the undergraduate medical education curriculum Educational strategies are “fundamentaloriented decisions in teaching which are aimed to achieve educational goals” Methods: This was a narrative review that introduced and explained the most important educational strategies in undergraduate medical curriculum through surveying valid electronic and library resources Results: Now the most important educational strategies in undergraduate medical curriculum are: a series of studentcentered problembased learning integrated or interprofessional teaching communitybased electivedriven and systematic strategies (SPICES) and also a set of strategies that are productfocused relevant interprofessional short courses multisite locations and symbiotic (PRISMS) and a group of realistic integrated feedback learning and evaluation strategies (RIFLE) as well Conclusion: Each strategy is represented as a spectrum In each spectrum the educational planner must define the position of every component of the curriculum In order to apply these strategies the curriculum must be intervened according to the selected strategy so that the results of the evaluations and evidence of interventions ensure the planners that the quality of the curriculum is improved
Mohammad Reza Ahanchian; Mostafa Rad; Mojtaba Rad
Volume 11, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 214-226
Abstract
Background & Objective: Since fewer educational problems lead to improvement in educational quality and eventually student performance in the delivery of emergency medical services at the clients bedside this study was conducted to evaluate the educational problems of emergency medical students ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Since fewer educational problems lead to improvement in educational quality and eventually student performance in the delivery of emergency medical services at the clients bedside this study was conducted to evaluate the educational problems of emergency medical students Methods: This study used qualitative conventional content analysis Data were collected by semistructured interviews Sixteen participants including 12 new graduate paramedic in associate degree and 4 instructors by purposeful sampling in Khorasan province Iran were selected Data analysis was conducted by content analysis Results: After data analysis three themes have emerged including the lack of appropriate teaching methods theory and practice gaps and curriculum reform Conclusion: According to the results educational problems in paramedic education were inappropriate teaching approaches not applying classroom content in practice scene and incomplete curriculum Therefore paramedic educational leadership must try to solve these problems until paramedics can provide high quality services to community
Esmat Nouhi; Asma Abdollah-Yar; Tayebeh Faseehy Harandi
Volume 11, Issue 2 , August 2014, , Pages 264-271
Abstract
Background & Objective: In addition to teaching predesigned courses physicians are usually expected to participate directly in designing curriculum during their professional life Today traditional education systems are not sufficient for developing the expected competencies in physicians One ...
Read More
Background & Objective: In addition to teaching predesigned courses physicians are usually expected to participate directly in designing curriculum during their professional life Today traditional education systems are not sufficient for developing the expected competencies in physicians One of the applications of new advancements by cognitive science in curriculum design is the development of strategies for improving the quality of the undergraduate medical education curriculum Educational strategies are “fundamental oriented decisions in teaching that are aimed to achieve educational goals” Methods: This article was a narrative review that introduced and explained the most important educational strategies in undergraduate medical curriculum through surveying valid electronic and library resources Results: Now the most important educational strategies in undergraduate medical curriculum are a series of studentcentered problembased learning integrated or interprofessional teaching communitybased electivedriven and systematic strategies (SPICES) and also a set of strategies that are productfocused relevant interprofessional short courses multisite locations and symbiotic (PRISMS) and a group of realistic integrated feedback learning and evaluation strategies (RIFLE) as well Conclusion: Each strategy is represented as a spectrum In each spectrum the educational planner must define the position of every component of the curriculum In order to apply these strategies the curriculum must be intervened according to the selected strategy so that the results of the evaluations and the evidence of interventions ensure the planners that the quality of the curriculum is improved
Reza Ghadimi; Mahmoud Hajiahmadi; Aram Tirgar; Hossein Rashvand; Abdoleiman Amouei; Parvin Sajadi; Seyyed Reza Hosseini
Volume 10, Issue 2 , August 2013, , Pages 158-165
Abstract
Background & Objective: Community oriented medical education has been considered by many universities The aim of this study was to determine the general practitioners (GPs) point of view regarding social medicine training programs (SMTP) Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted on GPs graduated ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Community oriented medical education has been considered by many universities The aim of this study was to determine the general practitioners (GPs) point of view regarding social medicine training programs (SMTP) Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted on GPs graduated from different Iranian medical Universities after 1985 in Babol Iran in 2010 Subjects were selected by simple randomized sampling method Data were gathered using a questionnaire consisting of three parts and analyzed using chisquare and Fishers exact tests by SPSS Results: In this study 130 GPs who had graduated 104 ± 57 years ago were evaluated Data showed some topics of SMTP like occupational health disease management executing a research project and presence in rural/urban health centers were more common in GPs graduated after 2001 in comparisons with counterpart group Moreover GPs who worked in rural health centers indicated to have more attention on mental health dental health elderly care disease management and social health assessment methods in curriculum of SMTP Conclusion: According to our findings mental and occupational health along with elderly care should be considered in social medicine curriculum of medical students Moreover appropriate revisions on SMTP and continuous education programs on these topics for GPs are recommended
Alia Saberi; Shademan Nemati; Saba Fakhrieh Asl; Abtin Heydarzadeh; Ali Fahimi
Volume 10, Issue 2 , August 2013, , Pages 218-224
Abstract
Background & Objective: There are many reasons that it is necessary to change the culture educational environment and curriculum of medical education toward addressing and developing the fundamentals of medical professionalism The primary objective of this study was to assess the attitudes of residents ...
Read More
Background & Objective: There are many reasons that it is necessary to change the culture educational environment and curriculum of medical education toward addressing and developing the fundamentals of medical professionalism The primary objective of this study was to assess the attitudes of residents about training professionalism in the School of Medicine in Guilan University of Medical Sciences Iran Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 189 residents of Guilan University of Medical Sciences based on a questionnaire adjusted to culture and ethical issues of Iran in 201112 The reliability and validity of the questionnaire was confirmed The data were analyzed by ttest and using the Stata statistical software Results: In this study 140 residents from 14 fields participated with mean age of 322 ± 449 years More than 50% of residents rated the success of medical professionalism education programs as medium to high More than 40% of them have considered the effect of role model educators in the education of these principles to be great 629% of residents agreed with the theoretical–practical teaching of these principles Conclusion: The degree of success of educational programs in various fields of medical professionalism was acceptable but needs improvement The residents acknowledge that they learn the principles of professionalism from their educators in a hidden educational curriculum but believe that they must also be taught in theoretical and practical units
Maryam Esmaeili; Sina Valiee; Zohreh Parsa-yekta; Abbas Ebadi
Volume 10, Issue 2 , August 2013, , Pages 288-297
Abstract
Background & Objective: Effective bedside care is the main objective of nursing education Correct clinical evaluation of students has been one of the toughest tasks for clinical nursing lecturers The objective of this study was the translation and psychometric evaluation of the clinical performance ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Effective bedside care is the main objective of nursing education Correct clinical evaluation of students has been one of the toughest tasks for clinical nursing lecturers The objective of this study was the translation and psychometric evaluation of the clinical performance assessment scale among nursing students in Iran Methods: This crosssectional study was conducted with the objective of validating the Iranian version of the nursing students performance scale within the clinical setting The scale was translated from English into Persian by the backward and forward method Its face and content validities were determined 2 items was added in the content and face validity process In order to determine the construct validity exploratory factor analysis by convenience sampling method was carried out on 275 senior nursing students within clinical educational settings for 5 months Evaluation was conducted according to this scale Cronbachs alpha coefficient was used to measure internal consistency Results: The mean and standard deviation of students scores was 6398 ± 1335 Factor analysis indicated the extraction of three factors: the nursing process (10 items eigenvalue 899) professional behaviors (16 items eigenvalue 797) and technical skills (2 items eigenvalue 203) The reliability of the scale obtained by Cronbachs alpha coefficient was 092 Conclusion: The results of psychometric evaluation of the clinical performance assessment scale vindicated the reliability and validity of this scale and the potential for using this instrument in the nursing education field in Iran However the inclusion of the technical skills factor would need further balancing and expansion
Mohammad Reza Yosefi; Mohammad Reza Ghanbari; Mohammad Ali Mohagheghi; Seyed Hasan Emami Razavi
Volume 9, Issue 1 , July 2012, , Pages 1-10
Abstract
Background & Objective: In spite of supreme goals of Medical Ethics Education it seems that the current Medical curriculum does not have the sufficient capability of influencing attitude and behavior The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity and possibility of including medical ...
Read More
Background & Objective: In spite of supreme goals of Medical Ethics Education it seems that the current Medical curriculum does not have the sufficient capability of influencing attitude and behavior The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the necessity and possibility of including medical ethics courses in the clinical training period Methods: This qualitative study was performed with a case study approach Subjects were the academic members of faculty of Medicine in Tehran University of Medical Sciences In depth interview and focused group discussion were used fore data collection Data analysis was performed using text analysis analytical method Retrieved conception codes were classified as six main conceptions and related subconceptions Results : Data analysis for the necessity part resulted in the necessity of including Medical Ethics in clinical training applied familiarity with medical ethics issues simultaneous education and clinical application of medical ethics issues beneficial effect of including medical ethics as a course in the clinical period longterm experience of ethics issues and teachers behaviors in clinical setting and nontheoretical aspect of some ethics issues Main issues in the challenges part were insufficient familiarity of teachers with ethics subjects and ways to transfer them administrative problems of program implementation problems of educational system the impact of cultural shortage in programming and shortage of skilled lecturers in medical ethics In relation to the possibility main issues were the possibility of including medical ethics in the clinical period training teachers for ethics subjects and presenting them to the students programming and preparing course contents in accordance with the societys culture tradition and religion using experienced and skilled teachers and avoiding direct use of programs designed in foreign countries Conclusion: Including medical ethics courses in the clinical training period in order to decrease professional problems seems to be necessary Moreover considering the potentials of our society it is possible to consider medical ethics courses in our Medical Education
Marzieh Javadi; Ahmad Reza Raeisi; Marzieh Golkar
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2008, , Pages 84-91
Abstract
Background & Objective: Internship is an important and basic element in each field especially health care management A great deal of students knowledge is put into practice during this period Evaluation of internship status is necessary for improving its quality This study was performed to evaluate ...
Read More
Background & Objective: Internship is an important and basic element in each field especially health care management A great deal of students knowledge is put into practice during this period Evaluation of internship status is necessary for improving its quality This study was performed to evaluate the health care management internship status in several aspects based on students and teachers point of view Methods: In this descriptiveanalytic study 102 health care management teachers and students from Isfahan University participated The data was collected using a researcher made questionnaire in which the general internship lessons status learning process learners teachers internship fields were included Results : The mean given scores after evaluation by teachers and students were 3936 (considered as good) and 2806 (considered as moderate) respectively The result of analysis showed that the weakest aspect of internship according to the students point of view was internship fields (hospital and health care centers) with a mean score of 226 and the weakest point according to the teachers point of view was about the learners (334) Teachers believed that the biggest problem was due to the transportation system ( =25) whereas students believed it to be due to lack of information by health care personnel about educational needs ( =1843) Conclusion : Internship lessons esp in internship fields which were given the least score by attendants need more attention In order to improve the situation of internship it is recommended to provide more facilities during internship period and focus on familiarizing briefing and attracting health care personnel
Nahid Bolbol Haghighi; Hosein Ebrahimi; Mehri Delvariyan Zadeh; Mohammad Reza Hasani
Volume 4, Issue 2 , January 2008, , Pages 116-124
Abstract
Background & Objective : Passing through intrauterine phase to the extra uterine world is probably the most risky event in everybodys life About 1% of them need advanced cardiac life support to continue life By implementing professional methods of resuscitation the prognosis will improve more than ...
Read More
Background & Objective : Passing through intrauterine phase to the extra uterine world is probably the most risky event in everybodys life About 1% of them need advanced cardiac life support to continue life By implementing professional methods of resuscitation the prognosis will improve more than one million neonatal deaths annually This study was designed to assess the effect of education on midwifery students neonatal resuscitation knowledge and skill Methods : In this interventional (pretest and posttest design) study 81 midwifery students participated The data was collected using a questionnaire for assessing knowledge and a check list for skill evaluation The validity and reliability of the questionnaire and the check list were approved before data collection Results : Our findings showed that all students level of knowledge was weak to moderate before education while it turned into good after education Mean knowledge score before education was 2446 which increased to 2934 after education Skill related mean score before and after education was 1383 and 9175 respectively Comparison between knowledge and skill related scores showed significant difference before and after education (p=0003 and p=00001 respectively) Conclusion : Midwifery students knowledge and skill in neonatal resuscitation was low before education and there was a significant difference in mentioned items before and after education Considering the effect of resuscitation in decreasing neonatal death index implementation of scientific and practical education using developed techniques and tools is necessary
Mahnaz Movaghar; Alireza Sultanian; Mahrokh Movaghar
Volume 4, Issue 1 , July 2007, , Pages 44-50
Abstract
Background & Objective : One of the greatest problems of the present century is the uncontrolled increase in population and control of this increase is among the most important priorities of every society if it is to achieve the goals of health and development Proper education via creating a change ...
Read More
Background & Objective : One of the greatest problems of the present century is the uncontrolled increase in population and control of this increase is among the most important priorities of every society if it is to achieve the goals of health and development Proper education via creating a change in individuals attitudes and way of thinking is considered as a basic step in achieving the goals of family planning The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of family planning course presented in universities on knowledge and attitude of students toward contraceptive methods Methods : This quasiexperimental study (beforeafter) performed on 234 female students of Islamic Azad University/Abadan branch who attended the population and family planning course in the first semester of the academic year 20052006 Subjects were selected by nonrandom and convenience sampling Data were collected using a questionnaire distributed once before and once after attending the family planning course Results : According to the results 661% of the students were in the age range of 2024 years 117% were married 177% were employed and 836% were students of associate degree and 164% bachelor degree Mean (±SD) knowledge score of students was 365(±179) before the course that raised to 889(±26) after the course (P=0001) Mean (±SD) attitude score of students before the intervention was 588(±199) that rose to 727(±201) after the intervention (p=0003) Conclusion : Based on the results of this study family planning programs should be based on training since an increase in awareness and attitude of people resulting from efficient educational programs paves the way for using safe contraceptive methods and change of reproductive behaviors
Aeen Mohammadi; Rita Mojtahedzadeh; Hossein Keshavarz
Volume 3, Issue 2 , January 2007, , Pages 86-94
Abstract
Background: Assessing the statue of educational services in schools of Paramedical Sciences can help authorities to plan for further promotion through identifying schools strengths and weaknesses Objective: To design criteria and indices for educational ranking of associate programs of Paramedical Sciences ...
Read More
Background: Assessing the statue of educational services in schools of Paramedical Sciences can help authorities to plan for further promotion through identifying schools strengths and weaknesses Objective: To design criteria and indices for educational ranking of associate programs of Paramedical Sciences including Laboratory Sciences Operating Room Nursing Technology of Radiology Anesthesiology Nuclear Medicine Technology of Radiotherapy and Medical Emergencies in Iran Methods: In an expert committee criteria used in worldwide rankings and medical education standards were reviewed Then a set of criteria and indices which were compatible to Iran educational system was devised and their weights were defined through consensus developing methods Each school was asked to introduce a representative to collect schools information and schools were visited to verify the gathered data Then schools scores for each criterion were calculated Results: A set of 42 criteria sorted as a tree diagram was devised Main branches of this tree included input branch consisting of National Entrance Examination (Weight: 2%) faculty members (weight: 18%) and facilities and equipment (weight: 20%) process branch consisting of administrations (weight: 405%) and support and counseling systems (weight: 45%) and output branch consisting of students output (weight: 9%) and faculty members output (weight: 6%) Conclusion: This study provided the educational strengths and weaknesses of Paramedical Sciences programs in Iran The results can be used in devising practical strategies for qualitative and quantitative improvement
Seied Asghar Rasoulynejad; Seied Vahid Rasoulynejad
Volume 3, Issue 1 , July 2006, , Pages 26-32
Abstract
Background: Every one has a preferred style of learning Although teachers should adapt their teaching method with their students learning styles it seems that in most cases this fact is disregarded which in turn may decrease the quality of teaching and consequently educational goals Objective: To determine ...
Read More
Background: Every one has a preferred style of learning Although teachers should adapt their teaching method with their students learning styles it seems that in most cases this fact is disregarded which in turn may decrease the quality of teaching and consequently educational goals Objective: To determine the learning styles of paramedical students in Kashan University of Medical Sciences Methods: In this descriptive analytical study 130 nursing midwifery and allied health students were investigated For data collection a standardized questionnaire according to Joy Ried model was used The questionnaire consisted of 30 questions in six learning domains of visual tactile auditory group learning individual learning and class participation and was justified by Likert scoring scale Results: From 130 participants 323% were male and 677% were female and 454% were nursing students 40% were health students and 146% were midwifery students Minimum mean score (292) and maximum mean score (387) were respectively related to group learning and class participation There was no significant difference in learning style scores based on sex and field of study Conclusion: Considering the obtained results showing the variety of learning styles and their differences all teachers are advised to avoid limiting their teaching method to just one method and to use various techniques compatible with the type of teaching materials
